Difference between revisions of "Hell"
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| − | Lat: 32.4°S, Long: 7.8°W, Diam: 33 km, Depth: 2.2 km, [ | + | Lat: 32.4°S, Long: 7.8°W, Diam: 33 km, Depth: 2.2 km, [[R%C3%BCkl%2064|Rükl: 64]]<br /> |
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<div id="toc"> | <div id="toc"> | ||
=Table of Contents= | =Table of Contents= | ||
| − | <div style="margin-left: 1em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres) Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Images Images]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Maps Maps]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Description Description]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Description: Elger Description: Elger]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Description: Wikipedia Description: Wikipedia]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Additional Information Additional Information]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Impact site of Luna 5? Impact site of Luna 5?]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Nomenclature Nomenclature]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-LPOD Articles LPOD Articles]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Bibliography Bibliography]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Father Hell in the Sourcebook Project (William R. Corliss) Father Hell in the Sourcebook Project (William R. Corliss)]</div></div>[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/albums/userpics/Hell_LO-IV-112H_LTVT.JPG [[Image:normal_Hell_LO-IV-112H_LTVT.JPG|external image normal_Hell_LO-IV-112H_LTVT.JPG]]]<br /> ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-937 LO-IV_112_H3]'' As can be seen from the opposite sun angle [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/September_22,_2006 LPOD photo], one of the small craters just outside the west rim of '''Hell''' seems to the source of a dusting of bright ejecta, not unlike the [ | + | <div style="margin-left: 1em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres) Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Images Images]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Maps Maps]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Description Description]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Description: Elger Description: Elger]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Description: Wikipedia Description: Wikipedia]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Additional Information Additional Information]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Impact site of Luna 5? Impact site of Luna 5?]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Nomenclature Nomenclature]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-LPOD Articles LPOD Articles]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Bibliography Bibliography]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Father Hell in the Sourcebook Project (William R. Corliss) Father Hell in the Sourcebook Project (William R. Corliss)]</div></div>[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/albums/userpics/Hell_LO-IV-112H_LTVT.JPG [[Image:normal_Hell_LO-IV-112H_LTVT.JPG|external image normal_Hell_LO-IV-112H_LTVT.JPG]]]<br /> ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-937 LO-IV_112_H3]'' As can be seen from the opposite sun angle [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/September_22,_2006 LPOD photo], one of the small craters just outside the west rim of '''Hell''' seems to the source of a dusting of bright ejecta, not unlike the [[Cassini%27s%20Bright%20Spot|bright spot]] near [[Hell%20Q|Hell Q]]. This small crater is not named, but the irregular depression below it is. Its upper part (at about 9 o'clock from the center of '''Hell''') is '''Hell W''', and the lower part (at about 8 o'clock) is '''Hell V'''.<br /> <br /> |
==Images== | ==Images== | ||
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Hell LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Hell%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images]<br /> <br /> | [http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Hell LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Hell%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images]<br /> <br /> | ||
==Maps== | ==Maps== | ||
| − | ''([ | + | ''([[LAC%20zone|LAC zone]] 112A2)'' [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LAC/lac112/ LAC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I713/ Geologic map]<br /> <br /> |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
'''Hell''' is a transition crater, where the morphology changes with increasing impact energy (diameter) from a simple bowl, ultimately to a broad, flat-floored crater like Copernicus with central peaks and terraces. Unfortunately for '''Hell''', its wall slumps were so extensive that the entire crater floor is filled with wall debris. <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater [[Image:tychocrater-lg.jpg|16px|tychocrater]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater tychocrater] <small>Jun 24, 2007</small></span><br /> <br /> | '''Hell''' is a transition crater, where the morphology changes with increasing impact energy (diameter) from a simple bowl, ultimately to a broad, flat-floored crater like Copernicus with central peaks and terraces. Unfortunately for '''Hell''', its wall slumps were so extensive that the entire crater floor is filled with wall debris. <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater [[Image:tychocrater-lg.jpg|16px|tychocrater]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater tychocrater] <small>Jun 24, 2007</small></span><br /> <br /> | ||
==Description: Elger== | ==Description: Elger== | ||
| − | ''([ | + | ''([[IAU%20Directions|IAU Directions]])'' HELL.--A prominent ring-plain, about 18 miles in diameter, on the W. side of the great plain. There is a central mountain and many ridges within.<br /> <br /> |
==Description: Wikipedia== | ==Description: Wikipedia== | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell_(crater) Hell]<br /> <br /> | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell_(crater) Hell]<br /> <br /> | ||
==Additional Information== | ==Additional Information== | ||
| − | * Depth data from [ | + | * Depth data from [[Kurt%20Fisher%20crater%20depths|Kurt Fisher database]] |
** Arthur, 1974: 2.2 km | ** Arthur, 1974: 2.2 km | ||
** Westfall, 2000: 2.2 km | ** Westfall, 2000: 2.2 km | ||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
** Cherrington, 1969: 2.01 km | ** Cherrington, 1969: 2.01 km | ||
* Central peak height | * Central peak height | ||
| − | ** [ | + | ** [[Sekiguchi%2C%201972|Sekiguchi, 1972]]: 1.0 km <span class="membersnap">- <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/fatastronomer [[Image:fatastronomer-lg.jpg|16px|fatastronomer]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/fatastronomer fatastronomer]</span></span> |
| − | * [ | + | * [[LTVT|LTVT]] measurements of the shadows in [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?4112 LO-IV-112H] confirm the preceding depth estimates. The east rim appears to have a remarkably uniform height. The central peak is at least 750 m tall. <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher [[Image:JimMosher-lg.jpg|16px|JimMosher]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher JimMosher]</span> |
| − | * Trivia: a useful trick for locating this region of the Moon is to notice the resemblance of [ | + | * Trivia: a useful trick for locating this region of the Moon is to notice the resemblance of [[Deslandres|Deslandres]], when viewed in a certain way, to the outline of a tropical fish swimming west. The craters [[Regiomontanus|Regiomontanus]], [[Walther|Walther]] and [[Lexell|Lexell]] serve as tails/fins, and [[Hell|Hell]] is then the fish's eye. <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher [[Image:JimMosher-lg.jpg|16px|JimMosher]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher JimMosher]</span> |
<br /> | <br /> | ||
==Impact site of Luna 5?== | ==Impact site of Luna 5?== | ||
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==Nomenclature== | ==Nomenclature== | ||
| − | * Named for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilian_Hell Maximilian Hell] (May 15, 1720 – April 14, 1792), an astronomer and an ordained Jesuit priest from the Kingdom of Hungary. Hell became the director of the Vienna Observatory in 1755. He published the astronomical tables ''Ephemerides astronomicae ad meridianum Vindobonemsem'' ("Ephemerides for the Meridian of Vienna"). He went to Vardø in the far north of Norway (then part of Denmark) to observe the 1769 transit of Venus. According to [ | + | * Named for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilian_Hell Maximilian Hell] (May 15, 1720 – April 14, 1792), an astronomer and an ordained Jesuit priest from the Kingdom of Hungary. Hell became the director of the Vienna Observatory in 1755. He published the astronomical tables ''Ephemerides astronomicae ad meridianum Vindobonemsem'' ("Ephemerides for the Meridian of Vienna"). He went to Vardø in the far north of Norway (then part of Denmark) to observe the 1769 transit of Venus. According to [[Whitaker|Whitaker]] (p. 93), several editions of Hell's ''Ephemerides'' included a small labeled map of the Moon which introduced 11 names that had not been used by previous lunar cartographers, and although later cartographers re-cycled a number of these names, most were used for different formations. Hell's map, which Whitaker calls "a poorish copy of the [[Riccioli|Riccioli]] map", is reproduced on p. 94 of [[Whitaker|Whitaker]]. Four of the names introduced by [[Johann%20Schr%C3%B6ter|Johann Schröter]] were taken from Hell's list ([[Whitaker|Whitaker]], p. 218). These include [[Rost|Rost]], '''Sharpius''' (now [[Sharp|Sharp]]) and '''Wolff''' (now [[Mons%20Wolff|Mons Wolff]]); but only [[Sharp|Sharp]] appears to have been used at the same location. |
| − | ** Hell's nomenclature list, comparing the names of [ | + | ** Hell's nomenclature list, comparing the names of [[Riccioli|Riccioli]] (with his own additions) to those of [[Hevelius|Hevelius]] appears (but without the map?) starting on [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015027982324;page=root;view=image;size=100;seq=416# page 222] of the copy [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015027982324 his book] available from the Hathi Trust. The following twelve names have asterisks indicating they were added by Hell: Halleyius, Schmelzerus (S.J.), Flamsteedius, Volsius (S.J.), Scharpius, Scheinerus (S.J.), Rostius, Wolffius, Tacquetus (S.J.), Shottus (S.J.), Regnaultius (S.J.) and Malebranchius. Both the list and map seem to be absent from the Google Books' [http://books.google.com/books?id=g-9Zm_o1g_gC copy]. |
<br /> | <br /> | ||
| − | * Although most of the names of [ | + | * Although most of the names of [[Nomenclature-Jesuits|Jesuit priests]] on the Moon were given by Riccioli, according to [[Whitaker|Whitaker]] (p. 218) '''Hell''' was added by Schröter. Elger (1893), who seems to have read Schröter's account carefully says the name was intended to refer to the entire plain north of [[Lexell|Lexell]] (presently known as [[Deslandres|Deslandres]]). However, according the [[Neison%2C%201876|Neison]], [[Beer%20and%20M%C3%A4dler|Mädler]] "resticted" it "with great advantage" to the much smaller crater that currently bears the name. |
| − | * '''Hell''' (in Neison's sense) was part of the original IAU nomenclature of [ | + | * '''Hell''' (in Neison's sense) was part of the original IAU nomenclature of [[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]] (1935). In that nomenclature, the 256-km region within which it lies (the "great plain" referred to by Elger -- and Schröter's original intent for the name) was left unnamed. Since '''Hell''' was the only named feature within it, this area (now known as [[Deslandres|Deslandres]]) was informally referred to as the '''Hell Plain'''. |
| − | * '''Hell B''' (a crater in the northern part of the walled plain [ | + | * '''Hell B''' (a crater in the northern part of the walled plain [[Deslandres|Deslandres]]) was called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Schupmann Schupmann] by Fauth, but the I.A.U. did not accept that name. |
| − | * The high-[ | + | * The high-[[Albedo%20feature|albedo]] spot in one of [[Tycho|Tycho]]'s rays, on the floor of [[Deslandres|Deslandres]] near what is nowadays the IAU's [[Hell%20Q|Hell Q]], has often been called [[Cassini%27s%20Bright%20Spot|Cassini's Bright Spot]] |
<br /> | <br /> | ||
==LPOD Articles== | ==LPOD Articles== | ||
| Line 48: | Line 48: | ||
* Elger, T. G. 1893. [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1893Obs....16..355E Selenographical notes: Lexell and its Surroundings]. ''The Observatory'', Vol. 16, pp. 355-356 | * Elger, T. G. 1893. [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1893Obs....16..355E Selenographical notes: Lexell and its Surroundings]. ''The Observatory'', Vol. 16, pp. 355-356 | ||
* Fauth's ''<u>Schupmann</u>'' ('''Hell B'''): | * Fauth's ''<u>Schupmann</u>'' ('''Hell B'''): | ||
| − | ** [ | + | ** [[Mapping%20And%20Naming%20The%20Moon|Mapping And Naming The Moon]], by E.A. Whitaker, page 227 (Appendix O). |
| − | ** <u>Sky and Telescope</u>, November 1959, page 23 (Fauth's map of the [ | + | ** <u>Sky and Telescope</u>, November 1959, page 23 (Fauth's map of the [[Deslandres|Deslandres]] region) (which he called ''<u>Horbiger</u>''). |
<br /> | <br /> | ||
==Father Hell in the ''Sourcebook Project'' (William R. Corliss)== | ==Father Hell in the ''Sourcebook Project'' (William R. Corliss)== | ||
Revision as of 14:51, 15 April 2018
Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)
|
Lat: 32.4°S, Long: 7.8°W, Diam: 33 km, Depth: 2.2 km, Rükl: 64 |
Table of Contents
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres) Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Images Images]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Maps Maps]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Description Description]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Description: Elger Description: Elger]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Description: Wikipedia Description: Wikipedia]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Additional Information Additional Information]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Impact site of Luna 5? Impact site of Luna 5?]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Nomenclature Nomenclature]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-LPOD Articles LPOD Articles]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Bibliography Bibliography]
[#Hell (on the floor of Deslandres)-Father Hell in the Sourcebook Project (William R. Corliss) Father Hell in the Sourcebook Project (William R. Corliss)]
LO-IV_112_H3 As can be seen from the opposite sun angle LPOD photo, one of the small craters just outside the west rim of Hell seems to the source of a dusting of bright ejecta, not unlike the bright spot near Hell Q. This small crater is not named, but the irregular depression below it is. Its upper part (at about 9 o'clock from the center of Hell) is Hell W, and the lower part (at about 8 o'clock) is Hell V.
Images
LPOD Photo Gallery Lunar Orbiter Images
Maps
(LAC zone 112A2) LAC map Geologic map
Description
Hell is a transition crater, where the morphology changes with increasing impact energy (diameter) from a simple bowl, ultimately to a broad, flat-floored crater like Copernicus with central peaks and terraces. Unfortunately for Hell, its wall slumps were so extensive that the entire crater floor is filled with wall debris. - tychocrater tychocrater Jun 24, 2007
Description: Elger
(IAU Directions) HELL.--A prominent ring-plain, about 18 miles in diameter, on the W. side of the great plain. There is a central mountain and many ridges within.
Description: Wikipedia
Additional Information
- Depth data from Kurt Fisher database
- Arthur, 1974: 2.2 km
- Westfall, 2000: 2.2 km
- Viscardy, 1985: 2.2 km
- Cherrington, 1969: 2.01 km
- Central peak height
- Sekiguchi, 1972: 1.0 km - - fatastronomer fatastronomer
- LTVT measurements of the shadows in LO-IV-112H confirm the preceding depth estimates. The east rim appears to have a remarkably uniform height. The central peak is at least 750 m tall. - JimMosher JimMosher
- Trivia: a useful trick for locating this region of the Moon is to notice the resemblance of Deslandres, when viewed in a certain way, to the outline of a tropical fish swimming west. The craters Regiomontanus, Walther and Lexell serve as tails/fins, and Hell is then the fish's eye. - JimMosher JimMosher
Impact site of Luna 5?
No, the region of Hell is not the impact site of Luna 5. Several not-so-recent spaceflight books and lunar atlases mentioned the coordinates 31° South/ 8° West (immediately north of Hell) as Luna 5's impact site. The real impact site of Luna 5 should be near crater Copernicus (8° North/ 23° West).
See also Wikipedia's Luna 5.
Nomenclature
- Named for Maximilian Hell (May 15, 1720 – April 14, 1792), an astronomer and an ordained Jesuit priest from the Kingdom of Hungary. Hell became the director of the Vienna Observatory in 1755. He published the astronomical tables Ephemerides astronomicae ad meridianum Vindobonemsem ("Ephemerides for the Meridian of Vienna"). He went to Vardø in the far north of Norway (then part of Denmark) to observe the 1769 transit of Venus. According to Whitaker (p. 93), several editions of Hell's Ephemerides included a small labeled map of the Moon which introduced 11 names that had not been used by previous lunar cartographers, and although later cartographers re-cycled a number of these names, most were used for different formations. Hell's map, which Whitaker calls "a poorish copy of the Riccioli map", is reproduced on p. 94 of Whitaker. Four of the names introduced by Johann Schröter were taken from Hell's list (Whitaker, p. 218). These include Rost, Sharpius (now Sharp) and Wolff (now Mons Wolff); but only Sharp appears to have been used at the same location.
- Hell's nomenclature list, comparing the names of Riccioli (with his own additions) to those of Hevelius appears (but without the map?) starting on page 222 of the copy his book available from the Hathi Trust. The following twelve names have asterisks indicating they were added by Hell: Halleyius, Schmelzerus (S.J.), Flamsteedius, Volsius (S.J.), Scharpius, Scheinerus (S.J.), Rostius, Wolffius, Tacquetus (S.J.), Shottus (S.J.), Regnaultius (S.J.) and Malebranchius. Both the list and map seem to be absent from the Google Books' copy.
- Although most of the names of Jesuit priests on the Moon were given by Riccioli, according to Whitaker (p. 218) Hell was added by Schröter. Elger (1893), who seems to have read Schröter's account carefully says the name was intended to refer to the entire plain north of Lexell (presently known as Deslandres). However, according the Neison, Mädler "resticted" it "with great advantage" to the much smaller crater that currently bears the name.
- Hell (in Neison's sense) was part of the original IAU nomenclature of Blagg and Müller (1935). In that nomenclature, the 256-km region within which it lies (the "great plain" referred to by Elger -- and Schröter's original intent for the name) was left unnamed. Since Hell was the only named feature within it, this area (now known as Deslandres) was informally referred to as the Hell Plain.
- Hell B (a crater in the northern part of the walled plain Deslandres) was called Schupmann by Fauth, but the I.A.U. did not accept that name.
- The high-albedo spot in one of Tycho's rays, on the floor of Deslandres near what is nowadays the IAU's Hell Q, has often been called Cassini's Bright Spot
LPOD Articles
Bibliography
- Elger, T. G. 1893. Selenographical notes: Lexell and its Surroundings. The Observatory, Vol. 16, pp. 355-356
- Fauth's Schupmann (Hell B):
- Mapping And Naming The Moon, by E.A. Whitaker, page 227 (Appendix O).
- Sky and Telescope, November 1959, page 23 (Fauth's map of the Deslandres region) (which he called Horbiger).
Father Hell in the Sourcebook Project (William R. Corliss)
- In Mysterious Universe, a handbook of astronomical anomalies (1979) :
- Page 137: The Satellite of Venus (T.W.Webb, Nature, 1876). Note: in those days of the 1800s lots of astronomers wanted to get a glimpse of the so-called satellite of Venus, which was called Neith by some. It is rather surprising to know that most of these observations (of Neith) were in fact misinterpretations of the ghost image of Venus itself, created by one of the internal reflections in the lenses of the telescope! - DannyCaes DannyCaes Apr 4, 2015
This page has been edited 1 times. The last modification was made by - tychocrater tychocrater on Jun 13, 2009 3:24 pm - afx2u2
