Difference between revisions of "Pythagoras"
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| − | [[Image: | + | [[Image:Normal_Pythagoras_LO-IV-176H.JPG|external image normal_Pythagoras_LO-IV-176H.JPG]]<br /> ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-1646 LO-IV-176H]''<br /> <br /> |
==Images== | ==Images== | ||
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Pythagoras LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Pythagoras%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images] [http://esamultimedia.esa.int/images/Science/spacex_117_H.jpg SMART-1](mirror reversed)<br /> | [http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Pythagoras LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Pythagoras%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images] [http://esamultimedia.esa.int/images/Science/spacex_117_H.jpg SMART-1](mirror reversed)<br /> | ||
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==Description: Elger== | ==Description: Elger== | ||
| − | ''([http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU% | + | ''([http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20directions IAU Directions])'' PYTHAGORAS.--A noble walled-plain, 95 miles in diameter, which no one who observes it fails to lament is not nearer the centre of the disc, as it would then undoubtedly rank among the most imposing objects of its class. Even under all the disadvantages of position, it is by far the most striking formation in the neighbourhood. Its rampart rises, at one point on the N., to a height of nearly 17,000 feet above the floor, on which stands a magnificent central mountain, familiar to most observers.<br /> <br /> |
==Description: Wikipedia== | ==Description: Wikipedia== | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras_(crater) Pythagoras]<br /> <br /> | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras_(crater) Pythagoras]<br /> <br /> | ||
==Additional Information== | ==Additional Information== | ||
| − | * Depth data from [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Kurt%20Fisher% | + | * Depth data from [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Kurt%20Fisher%20Crater%20Depths Kurt Fisher database] |
** Westfall, 2000: 5.25 km | ** Westfall, 2000: 5.25 km | ||
** Viscardy, 1985: 4.8 km | ** Viscardy, 1985: 4.8 km | ||
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* Central peak heights | * Central peak heights | ||
| − | ** As measured by [http://the-moon.us/wiki/LTVT LTVT], the three central peaks in [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?4176 LO-IV-176H] have heights, listing them from west to east of 1920 m, 1990 m, 2350 m, but only in the first case does the tip of the shadow fall on the crater floor. So the latter two are lower limits on the height of those peaks, and, in fact, misleading since [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Clementine Clementine] images, taken with the sun to the south, show that the shape of the apparent triangle of shadow being cast by the right-most "peak" is really an artifact arising from the way the shadow falls on steeply sloping terrain, extended by a low ridge descending to the north. The main right-hand summit is at the bottom corner of the triangle. The shadows in Clementine LUB4662P.192 show that the tall center and right-most peaks rise 3.27 km and 3.18 km above the crater floor, with the low point between them descending to 2.82 km. <span class="membersnap">- | + | ** As measured by [http://the-moon.us/wiki/LTVT LTVT], the three central peaks in [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?4176 LO-IV-176H] have heights, listing them from west to east of 1920 m, 1990 m, 2350 m, but only in the first case does the tip of the shadow fall on the crater floor. So the latter two are lower limits on the height of those peaks, and, in fact, misleading since [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Clementine Clementine] images, taken with the sun to the south, show that the shape of the apparent triangle of shadow being cast by the right-most "peak" is really an artifact arising from the way the shadow falls on steeply sloping terrain, extended by a low ridge descending to the north. The main right-hand summit is at the bottom corner of the triangle. The shadows in Clementine LUB4662P.192 show that the tall center and right-most peaks rise 3.27 km and 3.18 km above the crater floor, with the low point between them descending to 2.82 km. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span> |
** Laser altimeter [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2008/pdf/1510.pdf profile] from Kaguya gives crater depths from 4.2-4.8 km, with central peak 3.0 km high. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Aug 19, 2008</small></span> | ** Laser altimeter [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2008/pdf/1510.pdf profile] from Kaguya gives crater depths from 4.2-4.8 km, with central peak 3.0 km high. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Aug 19, 2008</small></span> | ||
* Measures on LRO QuickMap give central peak height about 2.8 km. This peak rises to the level of th3 surrounding terrain - very unusual! CAW | * Measures on LRO QuickMap give central peak height about 2.8 km. This peak rises to the level of th3 surrounding terrain - very unusual! CAW | ||
| Line 39: | Line 39: | ||
*** 1.8 km another mountain attached to the north of the one listed above | *** 1.8 km another mountain attached to the north of the one listed above | ||
*** 0.1 km "mound . . . seen on the west slope of [the top mountain]" | *** 0.1 km "mound . . . seen on the west slope of [the top mountain]" | ||
| − | *** "These three objects are generally regarded as one mountain block and named Alpha" <span class="membersnap">- | + | *** "These three objects are generally regarded as one mountain block and named Alpha" <span class="membersnap">- fatastronomer</span> |
* [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Central%20peak%20composition Central peak composition]: A & GNTA1 ([http://the-moon.us/wiki/Tompkins%20%26%20Pieters%2C%201999 Tompkins & Pieters, 1999]) | * [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Central%20peak%20composition Central peak composition]: A & GNTA1 ([http://the-moon.us/wiki/Tompkins%20%26%20Pieters%2C%201999 Tompkins & Pieters, 1999]) | ||
* Exterior impact melt deposits most extensive to NE, max of ~45 km beyond rim. Most extensive ejecta, rays and secondary craters to the S, with max wall slumping on S side of crater, and topographically lowest rim crest to NE ([http://the-moon.us/wiki/Hawke%20and%20Head%2C%201977 Hawke and Head, 1977]). | * Exterior impact melt deposits most extensive to NE, max of ~45 km beyond rim. Most extensive ejecta, rays and secondary craters to the S, with max wall slumping on S side of crater, and topographically lowest rim crest to NE ([http://the-moon.us/wiki/Hawke%20and%20Head%2C%201977 Hawke and Head, 1977]). | ||
Latest revision as of 20:30, 16 April 2018
Contents
Pythagoras
|
Lat: 63.5°N, Long: 63.0°W, Diam: 142 km, Depth: 3.78 km, Rükl: 2, Upper Imbrian |
Images
LPOD Photo Gallery Lunar Orbiter Images SMART-1(mirror reversed)
- Kaguya HDTV 006_3_l shows Pythagoras viewed obliquely from the northwest with Babbage in the distance.
Maps
(LAC zone 10B1) USGS Digital Atlas PDF
Description
Description: Elger
(IAU Directions) PYTHAGORAS.--A noble walled-plain, 95 miles in diameter, which no one who observes it fails to lament is not nearer the centre of the disc, as it would then undoubtedly rank among the most imposing objects of its class. Even under all the disadvantages of position, it is by far the most striking formation in the neighbourhood. Its rampart rises, at one point on the N., to a height of nearly 17,000 feet above the floor, on which stands a magnificent central mountain, familiar to most observers.
Description: Wikipedia
Additional Information
- Depth data from Kurt Fisher database
- Westfall, 2000: 5.25 km
- Viscardy, 1985: 4.8 km
- Cherrington, 1969: 4.99 km
- Measures on LRO QuickMap give depth about 3.8 km, lower than I would expect!
- The sun angle in LO-IV-176H is too high to make a valid estimate of the crater depth, but the shadows cast by the slumped areas along the eastern wall indicate those blocks must be roughly 3,400 m tall, which is consistent with the higher values given for the crater rim in Kurt Fisher's database.
- Central peak heights
- As measured by LTVT, the three central peaks in LO-IV-176H have heights, listing them from west to east of 1920 m, 1990 m, 2350 m, but only in the first case does the tip of the shadow fall on the crater floor. So the latter two are lower limits on the height of those peaks, and, in fact, misleading since Clementine images, taken with the sun to the south, show that the shape of the apparent triangle of shadow being cast by the right-most "peak" is really an artifact arising from the way the shadow falls on steeply sloping terrain, extended by a low ridge descending to the north. The main right-hand summit is at the bottom corner of the triangle. The shadows in Clementine LUB4662P.192 show that the tall center and right-most peaks rise 3.27 km and 3.18 km above the crater floor, with the low point between them descending to 2.82 km. - JimMosher
- Laser altimeter profile from Kaguya gives crater depths from 4.2-4.8 km, with central peak 3.0 km high. - tychocrater Aug 19, 2008
- Measures on LRO QuickMap give central peak height about 2.8 km. This peak rises to the level of th3 surrounding terrain - very unusual! CAW
LRO QuickMap cross-section of Pythagoras
- Sekiguchi, 1972:
- 3.6 km "large, peaked mountain"
- 1.8 km another mountain attached to the north of the one listed above
- 0.1 km "mound . . . seen on the west slope of [the top mountain]"
- "These three objects are generally regarded as one mountain block and named Alpha" - fatastronomer
- Sekiguchi, 1972:
- Central peak composition: A & GNTA1 (Tompkins & Pieters, 1999)
- Exterior impact melt deposits most extensive to NE, max of ~45 km beyond rim. Most extensive ejecta, rays and secondary craters to the S, with max wall slumping on S side of crater, and topographically lowest rim crest to NE (Hawke and Head, 1977).
- Stratigraphy changed to Upper Imbrian based on Galileo data and crater counts (McEwen et al, 1993)
- TSI = 35, CPI = 20, FI = 20; MI =75 Smith and Sanchez, 1973
Nomenclature
- Named for Pythagoras of Samos (between 580 and 572 BC–between 500 BC and 490 BC), an Ionian (Greek) philosopher and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism. He is best known for the Pythagorean Theorem which bears his name. Known as "the father of numbers," Pythagoras made influential contributions to philosophy and religious teaching in the late 6th century BC.
- The name Pythagoras was first used by Michel Florent Van Langren (Langrenus) as Pythagorae. It is one of only three names from Van Langren's list which were anchored to their original locations throughout the entire history of selenography. The other two are Endymionis (IAU: Endymion) and Langreni (IAU: Langrenus).
- This name (as Pythagoras) has remained unchanged since its original use for this feature on Riccioli's map (Whitaker, p. 214).
LPOD Articles
What a Difference Two Weeks Makes.
Seeing Double: Pythagoras
Copernicus on the Limb
Textures (the very first bit of early sunlight on the central peak of the totally shadowed Pythagoras).
Bibliography
