Difference between revisions of "Gerard"
(Created page with "<div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"> =Gerard - and the Gerard Q Inner / Gerard Q Outer complex= {| class="wiki_table" | Lat: 44.5°N, Long: 80.0°W,...") |
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| − | Lat: 44.5°N, Long: 80.0°W, Diam: 90 km, Depth: 2.2 km, [http://the-moon. | + | Lat: 44.5°N, Long: 80.0°W, Diam: 90 km, Depth: 2.2 km, [http://the-moon.us/wiki/R%C3%BCkl%208 Rükl: 8]<br /> |
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| − | + | [http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pid=2026&fullsize=1 [[Image:Normal_Gerard_LO_iv_189_h2.jpg|external image normal_Gerard_LO_iv_189_h2.jpg]]]<br /> ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-2026 LOIV-189-H2]'' The IAU's '''Gerard''' is the complex, three-part enclosure in the center of this [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Lunar%20Orbiter Lunar Orbiter] view, which has north at about 11 o'clock. Directly above '''Gerard''' the dark-floored snowman shape consists of 27-km '''Gerard C''' and an unnamed crater above that. On the left, the sharp, deeply shadowed crater is '''Gerard A''' . The dark lava-flooded 60-km diameter feature partially visible in the upper left corner is one of two [http://the-moon.us/wiki/lettered%20crater lettered craters] known as '''Gerard Q'''. This one is officially called "'''Gerard Q Inner'''" to distinguish it from the much larger 190-km "'''Gerard Q Outer'''", which is more or less concentric with the former, and cuts through '''Gerard''' a little to the southwest of '''Gerard A''', sharply truncating the "primary" crater's rim. The rille to the west of this point (to the lower left of '''Gerard A''') is probably part of [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Rimae%20Gerard Rimae Gerard]. The crater chain in the hills below it is not named.<br /> <br /> | |
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==Images== | ==Images== | ||
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Gerard LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Gerard%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images]<br /> <br /> | [http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Gerard LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Gerard%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images]<br /> <br /> | ||
==Maps== | ==Maps== | ||
| − | ''([http://the-moon. | + | ''([http://the-moon.us/wiki/LAC%20zone LAC zone] 22A1)'' [http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/images/Lunar/lac_22.pdf USGS Digital Atlas PDF]<br /> <br /> |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
==Description: Elger== | ==Description: Elger== | ||
| − | ''([http://the-moon. | + | ''([http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20directions IAU Directions])'' GERARD.--A large enclosure close to the limb, still farther N., containing a long ridge and a crater.<br /> <br /> |
==Description: Wikipedia== | ==Description: Wikipedia== | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_(crater) Gerard]<br /> <br /> | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_(crater) Gerard]<br /> <br /> | ||
==Additional Information== | ==Additional Information== | ||
| − | Depth data from [http://the-moon. | + | Depth data from [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Kurt%20Fisher%20Crater%20Depths Kurt Fisher database]<br /> |
* Viscardy, 1985: 2.2 km | * Viscardy, 1985: 2.2 km | ||
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* Named for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Gerard Alexander Gerard] (February 22, 1728 - February 22, 1795), a philosophical writer and Professor of Natural Philosophy. As a professor he introduced various reforms. | * Named for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Gerard Alexander Gerard] (February 22, 1728 - February 22, 1795), a philosophical writer and Professor of Natural Philosophy. As a professor he introduced various reforms. | ||
| − | * According to ''[http://the-moon. | + | * According to ''[http://the-moon.us/wiki/Whitaker Whitaker]'' (p. 219), this name was introduced by [http://the-moon.us/wiki/M%C3%A4dler Mädler] and adopted into the original [http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20nomenclature IAU nomenclature] with his spelling: '''Gérard'''. At the insistence of [http://the-moon.us/wiki/PLA%20Table%20III Gerard Kuiper] the accent was removed from the "e" in the early 1960's. <span class="membersnap">- Jim Mosher</span> |
| − | * The odd IAU naming of two of the [http://the-moon. | + | * The odd IAU naming of two of the [http://the-moon.us/wiki/satellite%20feature satellite features] of '''Gerard''' as '''Gerard Q Outer''' and '''Gerard Q Inner''' seems to have arisen in the ''[http://the-moon.us/wiki/System%20of%20Lunar%20Craters System of Lunar Craters]'' (1961-1966) where two craters, one inside the other, were [http://www.glrgroup.org/domes/mapdome/f2.htm both labeled] with the letter "Q". This seems to have been intentional, for according to Chuck Wood they are listed as "inner" and "outer" in the ''Communications of the LPL'' tables that accompanied the maps, where they are given diameters of 60 and 177 km. Was this meant to define '''Gerard Q''' as an annular zone?? The "inner"-"outer" notation was also used on NASA's [http://the-moon.us/wiki/LMP Lunar Polar Map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LMP/lmp3/ LMP-3] (1976), where the map makers seem to regard these as two separate features distinguished as '''Gerard Q (inner)''' and '''Gerard Q (outer)'''. A similar notation, but with the parenthesis omitted, was used (again without further explanation) to distinguish the two listings when NASA's ''[http://the-moon.us/wiki/NASA%20RP-1097 RP-1097]'' catalog was issued in 1982, however the diameters are given there as 7 and 18 km, which seems a factor of 10 smaller than the sizes illustrated on the [http://www.glrgroup.org/domes/mapdome/f2.htm SLC] and [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LMP/lmp3/ LMP] maps. Because the names, positions and diameters of [http://the-moon.us/wiki/satellite%20feature lettered craters] listed in the on-line [http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20Planetary%20Gazetteer IAU Planetary Gazetteer] are based on ''[http://the-moon.us/wiki/NASA%20RP-1097 RP-1097]'' (rather than the previously IAU-approved ''[http://the-moon.us/wiki/System%20of%20Lunar%20Craters System of Lunar Craters]'') this error(?) is perpetuated there. <span class="membersnap">- Jim Mosher</span> |
| − | * '''Gerard Q inner''' was misprinted as '''GERALD Q INNER''' (with "'''L'''") on LAC 22 (page 45) in the Revised and Updated Edition of the ''Clementine Atlas of the Moon'' (Cambridge University Press, 2012).<span class="membersnap">- | + | * '''Gerard Q inner''' was misprinted as '''GERALD Q INNER''' (with "'''L'''") on LAC 22 (page 45) in the Revised and Updated Edition of the ''Clementine Atlas of the Moon'' (Cambridge University Press, 2012).<span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Jan 7, 2013</small></span> |
| − | * The same mistake ('''Gerald''', with "'''l'''") was made on page 69 (chart 28) in the ''21st Century Atlas of the Moon'' (2012).<span class="membersnap">- | + | * The same mistake ('''Gerald''', with "'''l'''") was made on page 69 (chart 28) in the ''21st Century Atlas of the Moon'' (2012).<span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Jan 23, 2013</small></span> |
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==LPOD Articles== | ==LPOD Articles== | ||
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Latest revision as of 02:50, 16 April 2018
Contents
Gerard - and the Gerard Q Inner / Gerard Q Outer complex
|
Lat: 44.5°N, Long: 80.0°W, Diam: 90 km, Depth: 2.2 km, Rükl: 8 |
LOIV-189-H2 The IAU's Gerard is the complex, three-part enclosure in the center of this Lunar Orbiter view, which has north at about 11 o'clock. Directly above Gerard the dark-floored snowman shape consists of 27-km Gerard C and an unnamed crater above that. On the left, the sharp, deeply shadowed crater is Gerard A . The dark lava-flooded 60-km diameter feature partially visible in the upper left corner is one of two lettered craters known as Gerard Q. This one is officially called "Gerard Q Inner" to distinguish it from the much larger 190-km "Gerard Q Outer", which is more or less concentric with the former, and cuts through Gerard a little to the southwest of Gerard A, sharply truncating the "primary" crater's rim. The rille to the west of this point (to the lower left of Gerard A) is probably part of Rimae Gerard. The crater chain in the hills below it is not named.
Images
LPOD Photo Gallery Lunar Orbiter Images
Maps
(LAC zone 22A1) USGS Digital Atlas PDF
Description
Description: Elger
(IAU Directions) GERARD.--A large enclosure close to the limb, still farther N., containing a long ridge and a crater.
Description: Wikipedia
Additional Information
Depth data from Kurt Fisher database
- Viscardy, 1985: 2.2 km
Nomenclature
- Named for Alexander Gerard (February 22, 1728 - February 22, 1795), a philosophical writer and Professor of Natural Philosophy. As a professor he introduced various reforms.
- According to Whitaker (p. 219), this name was introduced by Mädler and adopted into the original IAU nomenclature with his spelling: Gérard. At the insistence of Gerard Kuiper the accent was removed from the "e" in the early 1960's. - Jim Mosher
- The odd IAU naming of two of the satellite features of Gerard as Gerard Q Outer and Gerard Q Inner seems to have arisen in the System of Lunar Craters (1961-1966) where two craters, one inside the other, were both labeled with the letter "Q". This seems to have been intentional, for according to Chuck Wood they are listed as "inner" and "outer" in the Communications of the LPL tables that accompanied the maps, where they are given diameters of 60 and 177 km. Was this meant to define Gerard Q as an annular zone?? The "inner"-"outer" notation was also used on NASA's Lunar Polar Map LMP-3 (1976), where the map makers seem to regard these as two separate features distinguished as Gerard Q (inner) and Gerard Q (outer). A similar notation, but with the parenthesis omitted, was used (again without further explanation) to distinguish the two listings when NASA's RP-1097 catalog was issued in 1982, however the diameters are given there as 7 and 18 km, which seems a factor of 10 smaller than the sizes illustrated on the SLC and LMP maps. Because the names, positions and diameters of lettered craters listed in the on-line IAU Planetary Gazetteer are based on RP-1097 (rather than the previously IAU-approved System of Lunar Craters) this error(?) is perpetuated there. - Jim Mosher
- Gerard Q inner was misprinted as GERALD Q INNER (with "L") on LAC 22 (page 45) in the Revised and Updated Edition of the Clementine Atlas of the Moon (Cambridge University Press, 2012).- DannyCaes Jan 7, 2013
- The same mistake (Gerald, with "l") was made on page 69 (chart 28) in the 21st Century Atlas of the Moon (2012).- DannyCaes Jan 23, 2013
LPOD Articles
Bibliography
