Difference between revisions of "Theophilus"
(Created page with "<div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"> =Theophilus= {| class="wiki_table" | Lat: 11.4°S, Long: 26.4°E, Diam: 110 km, Depth: 4.1 km, [http://the-moon...") |
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| − | Lat: 11.4°S, Long: 26.4°E, Diam: 110 km, Depth: 4.1 km, [http://the-moon. | + | Lat: 11.4°S, Long: 26.4°E, Diam: 110 km, Depth: 4.1 km, [http://the-moon.us/wiki/R%C3%BCkl%2046 Rükl: 46], [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Stratigraphy Eratosthenian]<br /> |
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| − | + | [[Image:Normal_Theo%20Cyrillus%20A16-M-0692.jpg|external image normal_Theo%20Cyrillus%20A16-M-0692.jpg]]<br /> ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-142 Apollo A16-M-0692]''<br /> Southward oblique ''Fairchild''-camera view of the trio '''Theophilus''', '''Cyrillus''', and '''Catharina'''. The partially depicted crater at left is '''Madler'''.<br /> <br /> | |
| − | |||
==Images== | ==Images== | ||
| − | [http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Theophilus LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Theophilus%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/search/feature/?feature=Theophilus Apollo Images] [http://apollo.sese.asu.edu/LIW/20090120.html ASU Apollo Image Archive]<br /> WARNING: the name '''Theophilus''' is mentioned on many orbital frames of Apollo 12's three stereo-strips 56-B, 56-C, and 56-D. In fact, most of these frames don't show '''Theophilus''' at all! All the frames of these three stereo-strips show the same caption: '''DESCARTES - LALANDE - MCCLURE - THEOPHILUS''' (which seem to have been four of the most important "landmarks" on these stereo-strips).<span class="membersnap">- | + | [http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Theophilus LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Theophilus%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/search/feature/?feature=Theophilus Apollo Images] [http://apollo.sese.asu.edu/LIW/20090120.html ASU Apollo Image Archive]<br /> WARNING: the name '''Theophilus''' is mentioned on many orbital frames of Apollo 12's three stereo-strips 56-B, 56-C, and 56-D. In fact, most of these frames don't show '''Theophilus''' at all! All the frames of these three stereo-strips show the same caption: '''DESCARTES - LALANDE - MCCLURE - THEOPHILUS''' (which seem to have been four of the most important "landmarks" on these stereo-strips).<span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Aug 15, 2010</small></span><br /> |
| − | * [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?3078 Frame 3078], made by [http://the-moon. | + | * [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?3078 Frame 3078], made by [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Lunar%20Orbiter Lunar Orbiter 3], shows an oblique southward view of '''Theophilus'''. |
* A spectacular [http://www.pbase.com/bob_p/image/77268738 mosaic] of orbital Apollo 16 Hi-Res photographs, made by the dedicated lunar observer Bob Pilz, shows an overview of '''Theophilus''''s floor and central peak system. | * A spectacular [http://www.pbase.com/bob_p/image/77268738 mosaic] of orbital Apollo 16 Hi-Res photographs, made by the dedicated lunar observer Bob Pilz, shows an overview of '''Theophilus''''s floor and central peak system. | ||
* '''Theophilus''''s system of central peaks is noticeable near the "lower part" of the horizon on Apollo 12's orbital oblique westward-looking Hasselblad photograph [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/frame/?AS12-51-7570 AS12-51-7570]. | * '''Theophilus''''s system of central peaks is noticeable near the "lower part" of the horizon on Apollo 12's orbital oblique westward-looking Hasselblad photograph [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/frame/?AS12-51-7570 AS12-51-7570]. | ||
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<br /> | <br /> | ||
==Chesley Bonestell's painting of Theophilus== | ==Chesley Bonestell's painting of Theophilus== | ||
| − | In Willy Ley's book '''''The Conquest of Space''''' (1951), there's a wonderful painting made by Chesley Bonestell which shows a southward oblique view of '''Theophilus''' and nearby craters '''Madler''', '''Cyrillus''', and '''Catharina'''. This painting looks very much like one of Apollo 16's southward oblique looking orbital mapping/metric camera photographs made in april 1972. The sun's illumination in the painting, however, shows the lunar landscape during the pre-sunset hours, while Apollo 16's photographs of the same region show it during the post-sunrise hours. In the Dutch translated version of Willy Ley's book ('''''De Sprong in het Heelal''''')(1951, translated by J. De Groot) this painting was printed as Plate XIXa, between pages 38 and 39. I don't know if the original book ('''''The Conquest of Space''''') shows it at the same plate-number and between the same pages (?).<br /> <span class="membersnap">- | + | In Willy Ley's book '''''The Conquest of Space''''' (1951), there's a wonderful painting made by Chesley Bonestell which shows a southward oblique view of '''Theophilus''' and nearby craters '''Madler''', '''Cyrillus''', and '''Catharina'''. This painting looks very much like one of Apollo 16's southward oblique looking orbital mapping/metric camera photographs made in april 1972. The sun's illumination in the painting, however, shows the lunar landscape during the pre-sunset hours, while Apollo 16's photographs of the same region show it during the post-sunrise hours. In the Dutch translated version of Willy Ley's book ('''''De Sprong in het Heelal''''')(1951, translated by J. De Groot) this painting was printed as Plate XIXa, between pages 38 and 39. I don't know if the original book ('''''The Conquest of Space''''') shows it at the same plate-number and between the same pages (?).<br /> <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Apr 15, 2012</small></span><br /> <br /> |
==Maps== | ==Maps== | ||
| − | ''([http://the-moon. | + | ''([http://the-moon.us/wiki/LAC%20zone LAC zone] 78C2)'' [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LAC/lac78/ LAC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I546/ Geologic map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LM/lm78/ LM map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LTO/lto78c2_1/ LTO map]<br /> <br /> |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
==Description: Elger== | ==Description: Elger== | ||
| − | ''([http://the-moon. | + | ''([http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20directions IAU Directions])'' THEOPHILUS.--The most northerly of three of the noblest ring-mountains on the visible surface of the moon, situated on the N.W. side of the [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Mare%20Nectaris Mare Nectaris]. It is nearly 64 miles in diameter, and is enclosed by a mighty rampart towering above the floor at one peak on the E. to the height of 18,000 feet, and at two other peaks on the opposite side to nearly 16,000 and 14,000. The border, though appearing nearly circular with low powers, is seen, under greater magnification, to be made up of several more or less linear sections, which give it a polygonal outline. It is prominently terraced within, the loftier terraces on the E. rising nearly to the height of the crest of the wall, and including several craters and elongated depressions. On the E. <u>glacis</u> is a row of large inosculating craters; and near its foot, S.W. of [http://the-moon.us/wiki/M%C3%A4dler Madler], a short unrecorded rill- valley. The magnificent bright central mountain is composed of many distinct masses surmounted by lofty peaks, one of which is about 6,000 feet above the floor, and covers an area of at least 300 square miles. Except a distinct crater on the S.E. quarter, this appears to be the only object within the ring.<br /> <br /> |
==Description: Wikipedia== | ==Description: Wikipedia== | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophilus_(crater) Theophilus]<br /> <br /> | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophilus_(crater) Theophilus]<br /> <br /> | ||
==Additional Information== | ==Additional Information== | ||
| − | * Depth data from [http://the-moon. | + | * Depth data from [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Kurt%20Fisher%20Crater%20Depths Kurt Fisher database] |
** Pike, 1976: 4.1 km | ** Pike, 1976: 4.1 km | ||
** Westfall, 2000: 4.1 km | ** Westfall, 2000: 4.1 km | ||
** Viscardy, 1985: 4.4 km | ** Viscardy, 1985: 4.4 km | ||
** Cherrington, 1969: 6.79 km | ** Cherrington, 1969: 6.79 km | ||
| − | * East rim slope 46° ([http://the-moon. | + | * East rim slope 46° ([http://the-moon.us/wiki/Pohn%2C%201963 Pohn, 1963]) |
| − | * [http://the-moon. | + | * [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Central%20peak%20composition Central peak composition]: A, GNTA1, GNTA2, AT ([http://the-moon.us/wiki/Tompkins%20%26%20Pieters%2C%201999 Tompkins & Pieters, 1999]) |
| − | * Exterior impact melt deposits most extensive to NE, max of ~45 km beyond rim. Most extensive ejecta, rays and secondary craters to the NE, with max wall slumping on SW side of crater, and topographically lowest rim crest to NE ([http://the-moon. | + | * Exterior impact melt deposits most extensive to NE, max of ~45 km beyond rim. Most extensive ejecta, rays and secondary craters to the NE, with max wall slumping on SW side of crater, and topographically lowest rim crest to NE ([http://the-moon.us/wiki/Hawke%20and%20Head%2C%201977 Hawke and Head, 1977]). |
| − | * Satellite crater '''Theophilus B''' is on the [http://the-moon. | + | * Satellite crater '''Theophilus B''' is on the [http://the-moon.us/wiki/ALPO%20list%20of%20bright%20ray%20craters ALPO list of bright ray craters]. |
| − | * The central peak of Theophilus is a thermal anomaly, probably due to downslope movement revealing fresh boulders - [http://the-moon. | + | * The central peak of Theophilus is a thermal anomaly, probably due to downslope movement revealing fresh boulders - [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Moore%20et%20al%2C%201980 Moore et al, 1980] |
* Sekiguchi measures the interior hills and provides a map. The named features measured and their heights are: | * Sekiguchi measures the interior hills and provides a map. The named features measured and their heights are: | ||
** Phi: 2.7 km | ** Phi: 2.7 km | ||
** Psi: 1.1 | ** Psi: 1.1 | ||
| − | ** Alpha: 2.1 [http://the-moon. | + | ** Alpha: 2.1 [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Sekiguchi%2C%201972 Sekiguchi, 1972]<span class="membersnap">- fatastronomer</span> |
| − | * TSI = 30, CPI = 20, FI = 20; MI =70 [http://the-moon. | + | * TSI = 30, CPI = 20, FI = 20; MI =70 [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Smith%20and%20Sanchez%2C%201973 Smith and Hartnell, 1973] |
| − | * V.A.Firsoff observed a faint mist in '''Theophilus''' on 25th June 1955. Source: ''The Old Moon and the New'' (V.A.Firsoff, 1969), page 183.<span class="membersnap">- | + | * V.A.Firsoff observed a faint mist in '''Theophilus''' on 25th June 1955. Source: ''The Old Moon and the New'' (V.A.Firsoff, 1969), page 183.<span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>May 19, 2012</small></span> |
<br /> | <br /> | ||
==Lunar Ellipse of Fire== | ==Lunar Ellipse of Fire== | ||
| Line 49: | Line 48: | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophilus_of_Alexandria Theophilus of Alexandria], (died 412) was the Nicene Pope of Alexandria, Egypt (385 - 412). He is regarded as a saint by the Coptic Church.<br /> The cluster of central peaks at '''Theophilus''' seems to have been called '''Theophilus Alpha''', '''Theophilus Phi''', and '''Theophilus Psi'''.<br /> <br /> | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophilus_of_Alexandria Theophilus of Alexandria], (died 412) was the Nicene Pope of Alexandria, Egypt (385 - 412). He is regarded as a saint by the Coptic Church.<br /> The cluster of central peaks at '''Theophilus''' seems to have been called '''Theophilus Alpha''', '''Theophilus Phi''', and '''Theophilus Psi'''.<br /> <br /> | ||
==LPOD Articles== | ==LPOD Articles== | ||
| − | [http:// | + | [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/December_10,_2006 Ring Around a Basin.] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/August_30,_2006 A Classic Trio] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/May_10,_2005 Theo as You’ve Never See It] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/February_1,_2004 Theophilus] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/March_27,_2007 Sunrise on a Familiar Threesome] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/March_11,_2007 Theophilusian Suprises] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/February_24,_2007 A Peak at Some Peaks] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/October_6,_2007 Another Kind of Melt] [http://lpod.wikispaces.com/July%2027%2C%202008 Linears]<br /> <br /> |
==Lunar 100== | ==Lunar 100== | ||
| − | [http://the-moon. | + | [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Lunar%20100 L8]: "Theophilus, [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Cyrillus Cyrillus], [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Catharina Catharina]", Crater sequence illustrating stages of degradation.<br /> <br /> |
==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
Wood, C.A. Nov. 2004. Ghost Craters and Lava Lakes S&T 11/2004:63<br /> APOLLO OVER THE MOON; A VIEW FROM ORBIT, Chapter 5: Craters ([http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-362/ch5.5.htm Part 5]); Figure 166, ([http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-362/ch5.6.htm Part 6]); Figures 167 and 168.<br /> <br /> | Wood, C.A. Nov. 2004. Ghost Craters and Lava Lakes S&T 11/2004:63<br /> APOLLO OVER THE MOON; A VIEW FROM ORBIT, Chapter 5: Craters ([http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-362/ch5.5.htm Part 5]); Figure 166, ([http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-362/ch5.6.htm Part 6]); Figures 167 and 168.<br /> <br /> | ||
---- | ---- | ||
| − | + | </div> | |
Latest revision as of 20:42, 16 April 2018
Contents
Theophilus
|
Lat: 11.4°S, Long: 26.4°E, Diam: 110 km, Depth: 4.1 km, Rükl: 46, Eratosthenian |
Apollo A16-M-0692
Southward oblique Fairchild-camera view of the trio Theophilus, Cyrillus, and Catharina. The partially depicted crater at left is Madler.
Images
LPOD Photo Gallery Lunar Orbiter Images Apollo Images ASU Apollo Image Archive
WARNING: the name Theophilus is mentioned on many orbital frames of Apollo 12's three stereo-strips 56-B, 56-C, and 56-D. In fact, most of these frames don't show Theophilus at all! All the frames of these three stereo-strips show the same caption: DESCARTES - LALANDE - MCCLURE - THEOPHILUS (which seem to have been four of the most important "landmarks" on these stereo-strips).- DannyCaes Aug 15, 2010
- Frame 3078, made by Lunar Orbiter 3, shows an oblique southward view of Theophilus.
- A spectacular mosaic of orbital Apollo 16 Hi-Res photographs, made by the dedicated lunar observer Bob Pilz, shows an overview of Theophilus's floor and central peak system.
- Theophilus's system of central peaks is noticeable near the "lower part" of the horizon on Apollo 12's orbital oblique westward-looking Hasselblad photograph AS12-51-7570.
- Research Lunar Orbiter and Apollo photographs: Danny Caes
Chesley Bonestell's painting of Theophilus
In Willy Ley's book The Conquest of Space (1951), there's a wonderful painting made by Chesley Bonestell which shows a southward oblique view of Theophilus and nearby craters Madler, Cyrillus, and Catharina. This painting looks very much like one of Apollo 16's southward oblique looking orbital mapping/metric camera photographs made in april 1972. The sun's illumination in the painting, however, shows the lunar landscape during the pre-sunset hours, while Apollo 16's photographs of the same region show it during the post-sunrise hours. In the Dutch translated version of Willy Ley's book (De Sprong in het Heelal)(1951, translated by J. De Groot) this painting was printed as Plate XIXa, between pages 38 and 39. I don't know if the original book (The Conquest of Space) shows it at the same plate-number and between the same pages (?).
- DannyCaes Apr 15, 2012
Maps
(LAC zone 78C2) LAC map Geologic map LM map LTO map
Description
Description: Elger
(IAU Directions) THEOPHILUS.--The most northerly of three of the noblest ring-mountains on the visible surface of the moon, situated on the N.W. side of the Mare Nectaris. It is nearly 64 miles in diameter, and is enclosed by a mighty rampart towering above the floor at one peak on the E. to the height of 18,000 feet, and at two other peaks on the opposite side to nearly 16,000 and 14,000. The border, though appearing nearly circular with low powers, is seen, under greater magnification, to be made up of several more or less linear sections, which give it a polygonal outline. It is prominently terraced within, the loftier terraces on the E. rising nearly to the height of the crest of the wall, and including several craters and elongated depressions. On the E. glacis is a row of large inosculating craters; and near its foot, S.W. of Madler, a short unrecorded rill- valley. The magnificent bright central mountain is composed of many distinct masses surmounted by lofty peaks, one of which is about 6,000 feet above the floor, and covers an area of at least 300 square miles. Except a distinct crater on the S.E. quarter, this appears to be the only object within the ring.
Description: Wikipedia
Additional Information
- Depth data from Kurt Fisher database
- Pike, 1976: 4.1 km
- Westfall, 2000: 4.1 km
- Viscardy, 1985: 4.4 km
- Cherrington, 1969: 6.79 km
- East rim slope 46° (Pohn, 1963)
- Central peak composition: A, GNTA1, GNTA2, AT (Tompkins & Pieters, 1999)
- Exterior impact melt deposits most extensive to NE, max of ~45 km beyond rim. Most extensive ejecta, rays and secondary craters to the NE, with max wall slumping on SW side of crater, and topographically lowest rim crest to NE (Hawke and Head, 1977).
- Satellite crater Theophilus B is on the ALPO list of bright ray craters.
- The central peak of Theophilus is a thermal anomaly, probably due to downslope movement revealing fresh boulders - Moore et al, 1980
- Sekiguchi measures the interior hills and provides a map. The named features measured and their heights are:
- Phi: 2.7 km
- Psi: 1.1
- Alpha: 2.1 Sekiguchi, 1972- fatastronomer
- TSI = 30, CPI = 20, FI = 20; MI =70 Smith and Hartnell, 1973
- V.A.Firsoff observed a faint mist in Theophilus on 25th June 1955. Source: The Old Moon and the New (V.A.Firsoff, 1969), page 183.- DannyCaes May 19, 2012
Lunar Ellipse of Fire
The rim of Theophilus is (or was?) number eight in the list of 12 localities in the Lunar Ellipse of Fire (see article from Farouk El-Baz in Sky and Telescope - June 1973).
Nomenclature
Theophilus of Alexandria, (died 412) was the Nicene Pope of Alexandria, Egypt (385 - 412). He is regarded as a saint by the Coptic Church.
The cluster of central peaks at Theophilus seems to have been called Theophilus Alpha, Theophilus Phi, and Theophilus Psi.
LPOD Articles
Ring Around a Basin. A Classic Trio Theo as You’ve Never See It Theophilus Sunrise on a Familiar Threesome Theophilusian Suprises A Peak at Some Peaks Another Kind of Melt Linears
Lunar 100
L8: "Theophilus, Cyrillus, Catharina", Crater sequence illustrating stages of degradation.
Bibliography
Wood, C.A. Nov. 2004. Ghost Craters and Lava Lakes S&T 11/2004:63
APOLLO OVER THE MOON; A VIEW FROM ORBIT, Chapter 5: Craters (Part 5); Figure 166, (Part 6); Figures 167 and 168.
