http://the-moon.us/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Tychocrater&feedformat=atomThe Moon - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T12:50:49ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.31.1http://the-moon.us/index.php?title=Promontorium_Agassiz&diff=18407Promontorium Agassiz2020-12-10T19:52:56Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
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=Promontorium Agassiz=<br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
|<br />
Lat: 42.37°N, Long: 1.74°E, Diam: 18.84 km, Depth: 2.28 km, [[R%C3%BCkl%2012|Rükl: 12]]<br /><br />
|}<br />
<div id="toc"><br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/albums/userpics/Pr_Agassiz-Pr_Deville_LO-IV-115H_LTVT.JPG [[Image:Normal_Pr_Agassiz-Pr_Deville_LO-IV-115H_LTVT.JPG|external image normal_Pr_Agassiz-Pr_Deville_LO-IV-115H_LTVT.JPG]]]<br /> ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-2410 LO-IV-115H]'' Promontorium Agassiz is the triangular area of peaks around the one indicated by the arrow. According to its [[IAU%20Planetary%20Gazetteer|IAU coordinates]], the next series of peaks to the north (starting with the one indicated by the second arrow) is [[Promontorium%20Deville|Promontorium Deville]], although there seems to be some disagreement about this.<br /> <br /> <br />
==Images==<br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Promontorium%20Agassiz LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Promontorium%20Agassiz%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images]<br /> <br />
* Although there seems to be nothing in the LPI's Apollo Images Search for '''Promontorium Agassiz''' and adjacent peaks in the [[Montes%20Alpes|Montes Alpes]], there ARE orbital Apollo photographs of those peaks! For example: [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/frame/?AS15-M-1538 Fairchild-Metric image AS15-M-1538] which shows these peaks at the centre of the curved horizon! (north of '''Aristillus'''). Research Danny Caes.<br />
<br /> <br />
==Maps==<br />
''([[LAC%20zone|LAC zone]] 25B4)'' [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LAC/lac25/ LAC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I666/ Geologic map]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Description==<br />
<br /> <br />
===Wikipedia===<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promontorium_Agassiz Promontorium Agassiz]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* IAU page: [http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/4839 Promontorium Agassiz]<br />
* Depth data from [[Kurt%20Fisher%20Crater%20Depths|Kurt Fisher database]]<br />
** Cherrington, 1969: 2.28 km<br />
* Boint measured its height as 2470m +or- 50m on the eastern end and 1710m +or- 30m on the western end ([[Boint%2C%202001|Boint, 2001]]). <span class="membersnap">- fatastronomer</span><br />
<br /> <br />
==Nomenclature==<br />
<br />
* Named for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Louis_Rodolphe_Agassiz Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz] (May 28, 1807 - December 14, 1873), a Swiss-American zoologist, glaciologist, geologist and one of the first world-class American scientists. Agassiz is remembered today for his theories on ice ages, and for his resistance to Charles Darwin's theories on evolution, which he kept up his entire life. In 1837 Agassiz was the first to scientifically propose that the Earth had been subject to a past ice age. He wrote four (of a planned ten) volumes of ''Natural History of the United States'' which were published from 1857 to 1862.<br />
* There is also a craterlet called '''Agassiz''' at the '''Taurus-Littrow Valley''' (the landing site of Apollo 17). '''Agassiz''' (crater) - "Louis Agassiz was one of several natural scientists who studied geological and biological samples and other information returned by early Army explorers of the American West (see crater '''Emory'''). This name also honors all the modern investigators upon whom falls the responsibility and opportunity of amortizing our scientific investment in space." (source''':''' ''APOLLO LUNAR SURFACE JOURNAL'', Eric M. Jones).<br />
*Since 2020, the IAU has been pressured to remove the name Agassiz from the Moon because in addition to being an outstanding scientist, Agassiz was a virulent racist. The IAU decided to maintain the name because it has been on the Moon since 1878, and is used on existing maps and in past publications; but the pressure continues.<br />
<br /><br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
<br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Hill, Harold. 1991. [[Hill%2C%201991|A Portfolio of Lunar Drawings]]., page 15.<br />
<br /><br />
----<br />
[[Alphabetical%20Index|Named Features]] -- Prev: [[Promontorium%20Agarum|Promontorium Agarum]] -- Next: [[Agatharchides|Agatharchides]]<br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=Promontorium_Agassiz&diff=18406Promontorium Agassiz2020-12-09T19:03:21Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
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=Promontorium Agassiz=<br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
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Lat: 42.37°N, Long: 1.74°E, Diam: 18.84 km, Depth: 2.28 km, [[R%C3%BCkl%2012|Rükl: 12]]<br /><br />
|}<br />
<div id="toc"><br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/albums/userpics/Pr_Agassiz-Pr_Deville_LO-IV-115H_LTVT.JPG [[Image:Normal_Pr_Agassiz-Pr_Deville_LO-IV-115H_LTVT.JPG|external image normal_Pr_Agassiz-Pr_Deville_LO-IV-115H_LTVT.JPG]]]<br /> ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-2410 LO-IV-115H]'' Promontorium Agassiz is the triangular area of peaks around the one indicated by the arrow. According to its [[IAU%20Planetary%20Gazetteer|IAU coordinates]], the next series of peaks to the north (starting with the one indicated by the second arrow) is [[Promontorium%20Deville|Promontorium Deville]], although there seems to be some disagreement about this.<br /> <br /> <br />
==Images==<br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=Promontorium%20Agassiz LPOD Photo Gallery] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Promontorium%20Agassiz%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images]<br /> <br />
* Although there seems to be nothing in the LPI's Apollo Images Search for '''Promontorium Agassiz''' and adjacent peaks in the [[Montes%20Alpes|Montes Alpes]], there ARE orbital Apollo photographs of those peaks! For example: [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/frame/?AS15-M-1538 Fairchild-Metric image AS15-M-1538] which shows these peaks at the centre of the curved horizon! (north of '''Aristillus'''). Research Danny Caes.<br />
<br /> <br />
==Maps==<br />
''([[LAC%20zone|LAC zone]] 25B4)'' [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LAC/lac25/ LAC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I666/ Geologic map]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Description==<br />
<br /> <br />
===Wikipedia===<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promontorium_Agassiz Promontorium Agassiz]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* IAU page: [http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/4839 Promontorium Agassiz]<br />
* Depth data from [[Kurt%20Fisher%20Crater%20Depths|Kurt Fisher database]]<br />
** Cherrington, 1969: 2.28 km<br />
* Boint measured its height as 2470m +or- 50m on the eastern end and 1710m +or- 30m on the western end ([[Boint%2C%202001|Boint, 2001]]). <span class="membersnap">- fatastronomer</span><br />
<br /> <br />
==Nomenclature==<br />
<br />
* Named for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Louis_Rodolphe_Agassiz Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz] (May 28, 1807 - December 14, 1873), a Swiss-American zoologist, glaciologist, geologist and one of the first world-class American scientists. Agassiz is remembered today for his theories on ice ages, and for his resistance to Charles Darwin's theories on evolution, which he kept up his entire life. In 1837 Agassiz was the first to scientifically propose that the Earth had been subject to a past ice age. He wrote four (of a planned ten) volumes of ''Natural History of the United States'' which were published from 1857 to 1862.<br />
* There is also a craterlet called '''Agassiz''' at the '''Taurus-Littrow Valley''' (the landing site of Apollo 17). '''Agassiz''' (crater) - "Louis Agassiz was one of several natural scientists who studied geological and biological samples and other information returned by early Army explorers of the American West (see crater '''Emory'''). This name also honors all the modern investigators upon whom falls the responsibility and opportunity of amortizing our scientific investment in space." (source''':''' ''APOLLO LUNAR SURFACE JOURNAL'', Eric M. Jones).<br />
*Since 2020, the IAU has been pressured to remove the name Agassiz from the Moon because in addition to being an outstanding scientist, Agassiz was a virulent racist. The IAU decided to maintain the name because it has been on the Moon since 1878, and is used on existing maps and in many past publications; but the pressure continues.<br />
<br /><br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
<br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Hill, Harold. 1991. [[Hill%2C%201991|A Portfolio of Lunar Drawings]]., page 15.<br />
<br /><br />
----<br />
[[Alphabetical%20Index|Named Features]] -- Prev: [[Promontorium%20Agarum|Promontorium Agarum]] -- Next: [[Agatharchides|Agatharchides]]<br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=Apollo_11_Site&diff=18405Apollo 11 Site2019-04-09T12:42:01Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
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=Apollo 11 Site / Statio Tranquillitatis=<br />
''(unofficial name / official name)''<br /> <br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
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Lat: 0.8°N, Long: 23.5°E, [[R%C3%BCkl%2035|Rükl: 35]]<br /><br />
|-<br />
|<br />
[[Image:Tranquil.jpg|external image tranquil.jpg]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pid=1704&fullsize=1 [[Image:Normal_Apollo_11_LO_iv_085_h1.jpg|external image normal_Apollo_11_LO_iv_085_h1.jpg]]]<br /><br />
|-<br />
| ''[http://history.nasa.gov/ap15fj/a15images.htm Apollo 15 Flight Journal]'' view looking south over the Apollo 11 landing area<br /><br />
| ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-1704 LPI Online Lunar Orbiter Atlas]'' north-up aerial view<br /><br />
|}<br />
<br /> <div id="toc"><br />
<br />
==Images==<br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=collins LPOD Photo Gallery images] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Apollo%2011%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/search/feature/?feature=Site%202 Apollo Images of landing site from orbit (1)] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/search/feature/?feature=Landing%20Site%202 Apollo Images of landing site from orbit (2)] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/catalog/70mm/mission/?11 Images taken from surface] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/catalog/alscc/magazine/?45 Close-up images of surface]<br /> <br />
* For many additional maps and images see the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/images11.html Image Library] of the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal].<br />
* To relate the orbital photos to a location as seen from Earth, see Dan Durda's nicely arranged [http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~durda/Apollo/ Exploring the Apollo Landing Sites] zoom-in sequence (click on "Apollo 11").<br />
* The Apollo 11 Site was ''not'' among the areas mapped at high resolution with the metric and panoramic cameras of the final three [[Apollo%20program|Apollo missions]]. The most detailed aerial views of '''Tranquility Base''' and its immediate surroundings appear to be those collected by the [http://lpod.wikispaces.com/July%2020%2C%202008 Data Acquistion Camera] as it filmed the descent and ascent from the window of the landing module. These probably served as the background for the detailed [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LPST/ap_11_12_14/ Site Traverses Map].<br />
* South-southeast looking [http://www.donaldedavis.com/2008%20new/A11VIDPAN.jpg panorama], composed by Don Davis (Apollo 11 video frames).<br />
* A little bit more to the north of the actual landing spot, and there would have been some interesting investigations of relatively large boulders! See the High-Resolution scan of [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a11/AS11-40-5856HR.jpg AS11-40-5856], looking north. Research Danny Caes<br />
<br /> <br />
==Maps==<br />
''([[LAC%20zone|LAC zone]] 60C4)'' [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LAC/lac60/ LAC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I510/ Geologic map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LM/lm60/ LM map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/AIC/AIC60C/ AIC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LPST/ap_11_12_14/ Landing site map]<br /> [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I619/ USGS Geologic Map of Apollo Landing Site 2 (Apollo 11) I-619] (of which the actual landing site of Apollo 11 (LM Eagle, '''''Tranquillity Base''''') is detectable near the lower left corner of the map).<br /> [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I618/ USGS Geologic Map of the Sabine D Region, I-618] (also shows the actual landing site of Apollo 11, near the lower left corner of the map).<br /> <br /> <br />
==Description==<br />
According to the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11psr.html Apollo 11 Preliminary Science Report], this site, which was chosen for reasons of safety rather than geologic interest, proved to consist of fragmented debris ranging in size from fine particles to blocks about 0.8 meter wide. The entire area explored was less than the size of a [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/A11vsFootball.gif soccer field]. The best way to get a quick overview of the Apollo 11 site is probably the [[LPI|LPI]]'s [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/Apollo11/A11_lsite.html Landing Site Overview]. James R. Zimbelman's [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/publications/slidesets/apollolanding/ Slide Show], on the same site, clearly illustrates the location in relation to landmarks visible (through a telescope) from Earth. Once the general setting is understood, the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal] can be read with profit.<br /> <br /> <br />
==Walter Cronkite (CBS) and Apollo 11==<br />
''I've noticed in the reporting that those under 16 want to know about escape velocity and they want to know about the lunar trajectory velocity, and those over 30 or so say, "Don't tell me all that, I just don't understand. Tell me when we get there."''<br /> MOONFIRE - the epic journey of Apollo 11 (Norman Mailer), page 151.<br /> <br /> <br />
==Description: Wikipedia==<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_11 Apollo 11] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statio_Tranquillitatis Statio Tranquillitatis]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* The coordinates given in the title line are the official IAU coordinates for the feature known as '''Statio Tranquillitatis''' (the landing site). According to [[ULCN|Davies and Colvin, 2000]] the precise coordinates at which the Lunar Module landed are: 0.67408°N, 23.47297°E. Their estimate is based on the later measured position of the Apollo 11 lunar laser ranging retroreflector (LRRR) and the assumption that the lander touched down 1.2 m east and 21.4 m north of that location. The earlier [[DMA|DMA]]-prepared [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LPST/ap_11_12_14/ Landing site map] gave the position as 0° 40' 12" N, 23° 29' 12" E (0.6700°N, 23.4867°E). The Wikipedia "Statio Tranquillitatis" page (source unknown) gives 0.6875°N, 23.4333°E, although the Apollo 11 page gives the Davies and Colvin value.<br />
* The LTVT Wiki includes an [http://ltvt.wikispaces.com/Apollo%2011%20Area%20Resolution%20Examples illustrated list] of the diameters of the craters near the Apollo 11 landing site that are potentially visible from Earth.<br />
* Sample 10084 - see also [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo1601.html Liu, Y.]''et al'', Oct 2012 reference (to regolith and surface water) in Bibliography below.<br />
<br /> <br />
==LM ''Eagle'' of Apollo 11 landed on a gentle slope==<br />
If you explore and investigate the panoramic ''Hasselblad'' photographs made at the landing site of LM ''Eagle'', you shall notice a much more distant horizon on the southward looking photographs. The northward looking photographs show a much more nearby horizon with quite large boulders. Which means''':''' LM ''Eagle'' landed on a gentle slope, slightly upward toward the north, and slightly downward toward the south. Did they land on the northern part of the rim of a large shallow depression? Note also the wonderful 3D Stereo images which could be obtained when several southward looking pan-photographs are combined!<br /> <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Aug 6, 2016</small></span><br /> <br /> <br />
==Nomenclature==<br />
<br />
* The IAU name is Latin for "Tranquility Base", Apollo 11 landing site.<br />
* Although this [[landing%20site%20name|landing site name]] is listed as '''Statio Tranquillitatis''' in the on-line [[IAU%20Planetary%20Gazetteer|IAU Planetary Gazetteer]] it appears that the name that was formally adopted in 1970 was '''Tranquility Base (Statio Tranquillitatis)''' ([[Menzel%2C%201971#Probe_landing_sites|Menzel, 1971]]). If correct, this would be contrary to the normal form, for the name placed in parenthesis usually indicates an older name that is being replaced by a new one. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span><br />
* The only other [[Landing%20Site%20Name|Landing Site Name]] adopted by the IAU in connection with Apollo 11 is the crater [[West|West]]. Many other informal names for navigational landmarks used in preparing for the flight can be found on the maps and charts in the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/images11.html Image Library] of the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal]. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span><br />
<br /> <br />
==APOD Articles==<br />
[https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap170722.html Apollo 11 catching some sun] Tranquillity Base''';''' LMP Edwin Aldrin and the Solar Wind Composition Experiment, LM ''Eagle'' in the background, and two bright (slightly spectral-colored) catadioptric effects near the upper left corner of the photograph. Catadioptric effects are reflected images of the sun, created by the optical system inside the ''Hasselblad'' camera (often misunderstood as "''Studio Floodlights''").<br /> <br /> <br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
[http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/December_15,_2004 All but Armstrong] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/July_20,_2006 Apollo 11 + 37 years] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/July_20,_2008 39 and Counting] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/July_20,_2009 The Last Celebration] <br /> <br /> <br />
==LROC Articles==<br />
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/157 LROC's First Look at the Apollo Landing Sites]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/22 Apollo 11: Second look]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/65 High Noon at Tranquility Base]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/484 A Stark Beauty All Its Own]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/563 "Houston, Tranquility base here"]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Liu, Y. ''et al'' (2012). [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo1601.html Direct Measurement of Hydroxyl in the Lunar Regolith and the Origin of Lunar Surface Water] ([http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/extref/ngeo1601-s1.pdf PDF introductory]) – [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/index.html Nature Geoscience], Vol 5, No 10, DOI:10.1038/ngeo1616. Published 14 Oct, 2012.<br />
* [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/Apollo11/A11_lsite.html Apollo 11 Landing Site Overview]<br />
* [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal]<br />
* D. W. Beaty and A. L. Albee. 1980 [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980LPSC...11...23B The geology and petrology of the Apollo 11 landing site]. In: ''Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 11th'', Houston, TX, March 17-21, 1980, Proceedings. Volume 1. New York, Pergamon Press, p. 23-35.<br />
* APOLLO OVER THE MOON; A VIEW FROM ORBIT, [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-362/ch2.htm Chapter 2: Regional views], Figure 23.<br />
* FIRST EXPLORERS ON THE MOON; the incredible story of Apollo 11 in five parts (''National Geographic'' December 1969).<br />
* David M. Harland. 1999. ''[[Exploring%20the%20Moon%3B%20the%20Apollo%20expeditions|Exploring the Moon; the Apollo expeditions]]''.<br />
* [[file/view/Apollo%2011%20Press%20Kit.doc/37822450/Apollo%2011%20Press%20Kit.doc|Apollo 11 Press Kit]] ''(Word document).''<br />
* Norman Mailer [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Moonfire MOONFIRE, the epic journey of Apollo 11]<br />
* APOLLO 11 - THE NASA MISSION REPORTS, Volume 1 and 2. Compiled from the NASA archives and edited by Robert Godwin. Apogee Books, 1999.<br />
<br /> <br />
==Something to investigate: is the moon an excellent example of Michel Foucault's HETEROTOPIA?==<br />
In other words''':''' of all places, Earth's moon is perhaps the most ideal example of '''''otherness'''''. How would the Apollo astronauts have thought about it?<br /> See Wikipedia page [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterotopia_(space) Heterotopia].<br /> Believe it or not, I discovered the word '''HETEROTOPIA''' during an online investigation of a peculiar street in my hometown (Ghent, East-Flanders) which is often called the "''Little Street of Glass''" or "''Glazen Straatje''" (the <u>what</u>?). Officially this peculiar street is known as the ''Pieter Vanderdoncktdoorgang''.<br /> This little street has the somewhat shady reputation of being the'''...''' eh'''...''' Ghent's most cosy environment. On the Wikipedia page of this street it is described as an example of '''Heterotopia''' (a certain environment of '''''otherness'''''). See the (Flemish) [https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitutie_in_Gent Wikipedia page].<br /> '''''...'''cough'''...'''''<br /> <br /> <br />
==Another curiosity... (Andrew Smith's MOONDUST)==<br />
Andrew Smith's book ''MOONDUST'' (2005) shows something which is (or could be?) an error (?).<br /> On page 24 of the Dutch version (''MAANSTOF'', 2006) there's a brief description of Edwin Aldrin's observation of a shiny metallic object on the moon's surface, prior to the landing of LM Eagle (Apollo 11). Andrew Smith described it as one of NASA's unmanned probes which landed earlier up there. As far as I know there was only one such case, namely Apollo 12's LM Intrepid and its pinpoint landing nearby the unmanned lander Surveyor III at the ''Surveyor'' crater... (the Lansberg sector of Oceanus Procellarum).<br /> Or... did Edwin Aldrin really noticed something from NASA up there slightly eastward of their (of Neil's and Buzz's) actual landing site? If so, this is something completely new to me!<br /> <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Sep 29, 2015</small></span><br /> <br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=Apollo_11_Site&diff=18404Apollo 11 Site2019-04-09T12:39:37Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
<hr />
<div><div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"><br />
=Apollo 11 Site / Statio Tranquillitatis=<br />
''(unofficial name / official name)''<br /> <br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
|<br />
Lat: 0.8°N, Long: 23.5°E, [[R%C3%BCkl%2035|Rükl: 35]]<br /><br />
|-<br />
|<br />
[[Image:Tranquil.jpg|external image tranquil.jpg]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pid=1704&fullsize=1 [[Image:Normal_Apollo_11_LO_iv_085_h1.jpg|external image normal_Apollo_11_LO_iv_085_h1.jpg]]]<br /><br />
|-<br />
| ''[http://history.nasa.gov/ap15fj/a15images.htm Apollo 15 Flight Journal]'' view looking south over the Apollo 11 landing area<br /><br />
| ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-1704 LPI Online Lunar Orbiter Atlas]'' north-up aerial view<br /><br />
|}<br />
<br /> <div id="toc"><br />
<br />
==Images==<br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=collins LPOD Photo Gallery images] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Apollo%2011%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/search/feature/?feature=Site%202 Apollo Images of landing site from orbit (1)] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/search/feature/?feature=Landing%20Site%202 Apollo Images of landing site from orbit (2)] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/catalog/70mm/mission/?11 Images taken from surface] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/catalog/alscc/magazine/?45 Close-up images of surface]<br /> <br />
* For many additional maps and images see the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/images11.html Image Library] of the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal].<br />
* To relate the orbital photos to a location as seen from Earth, see Dan Durda's nicely arranged [http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~durda/Apollo/ Exploring the Apollo Landing Sites] zoom-in sequence (click on "Apollo 11").<br />
* The Apollo 11 Site was ''not'' among the areas mapped at high resolution with the metric and panoramic cameras of the final three [[Apollo%20program|Apollo missions]]. The most detailed aerial views of '''Tranquility Base''' and its immediate surroundings appear to be those collected by the [http://lpod.wikispaces.com/July%2020%2C%202008 Data Acquistion Camera] as it filmed the descent and ascent from the window of the landing module. These probably served as the background for the detailed [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LPST/ap_11_12_14/ Site Traverses Map].<br />
* South-southeast looking [http://www.donaldedavis.com/2008%20new/A11VIDPAN.jpg panorama], composed by Don Davis (Apollo 11 video frames).<br />
* A little bit more to the north of the actual landing spot, and there would have been some interesting investigations of relatively large boulders! See the High-Resolution scan of [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a11/AS11-40-5856HR.jpg AS11-40-5856], looking north. Research Danny Caes<br />
<br /> <br />
==Maps==<br />
''([[LAC%20zone|LAC zone]] 60C4)'' [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LAC/lac60/ LAC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I510/ Geologic map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LM/lm60/ LM map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/AIC/AIC60C/ AIC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LPST/ap_11_12_14/ Landing site map]<br /> [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I619/ USGS Geologic Map of Apollo Landing Site 2 (Apollo 11) I-619] (of which the actual landing site of Apollo 11 (LM Eagle, '''''Tranquillity Base''''') is detectable near the lower left corner of the map).<br /> [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I618/ USGS Geologic Map of the Sabine D Region, I-618] (also shows the actual landing site of Apollo 11, near the lower left corner of the map).<br /> <br /> <br />
==Description==<br />
According to the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11psr.html Apollo 11 Preliminary Science Report], this site, which was chosen for reasons of safety rather than geologic interest, proved to consist of fragmented debris ranging in size from fine particles to blocks about 0.8 meter wide. The entire area explored was less than the size of a [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/A11vsFootball.gif soccer field]. The best way to get a quick overview of the Apollo 11 site is probably the [[LPI|LPI]]'s [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/Apollo11/A11_lsite.html Landing Site Overview]. James R. Zimbelman's [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/publications/slidesets/apollolanding/ Slide Show], on the same site, clearly illustrates the location in relation to landmarks visible (through a telescope) from Earth. Once the general setting is understood, the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal] can be read with profit.<br /> <br /> <br />
==Walter Cronkite (CBS) and Apollo 11==<br />
''I've noticed in the reporting that those under 16 want to know about escape velocity and they want to know about the lunar trajectory velocity, and those over 30 or so say, "Don't tell me all that, I just don't understand. Tell me when we get there."''<br /> MOONFIRE - the epic journey of Apollo 11 (Norman Mailer), page 151.<br /> <br /> <br />
==Description: Wikipedia==<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_11 Apollo 11] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statio_Tranquillitatis Statio Tranquillitatis]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* The coordinates given in the title line are the official IAU coordinates for the feature known as '''Statio Tranquillitatis''' (the landing site). According to [[ULCN|Davies and Colvin, 2000]] the precise coordinates at which the Lunar Module landed are: 0.67408°N, 23.47297°E. Their estimate is based on the later measured position of the Apollo 11 lunar laser ranging retroreflector (LRRR) and the assumption that the lander touched down 1.2 m east and 21.4 m north of that location. The earlier [[DMA|DMA]]-prepared [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LPST/ap_11_12_14/ Landing site map] gave the position as 0° 40' 12" N, 23° 29' 12" E (0.6700°N, 23.4867°E). The Wikipedia "Statio Tranquillitatis" page (source unknown) gives 0.6875°N, 23.4333°E, although the Apollo 11 page gives the Davies and Colvin value.<br />
* The LTVT Wiki includes an [http://ltvt.wikispaces.com/Apollo%2011%20Area%20Resolution%20Examples illustrated list] of the diameters of the craters near the Apollo 11 landing site that are potentially visible from Earth.<br />
* Sample 10084 - see also [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo1601.html Liu, Y.]''et al'', Oct 2012 reference (to regolith and surface water) in Bibliography below.<br />
<br /> <br />
==LM ''Eagle'' of Apollo 11 landed on a gentle slope==<br />
If you explore and investigate the panoramic ''Hasselblad'' photographs made at the landing site of LM ''Eagle'', you shall notice a much more distant horizon on the southward looking photographs. The northward looking photographs show a much more nearby horizon with quite large boulders. Which means''':''' LM ''Eagle'' landed on a gentle slope, slightly upward toward the north, and slightly downward toward the south. Did they land on the northern part of the rim of a large shallow depression? Note also the wonderful 3D Stereo images which could be obtained when several southward looking pan-photographs are combined!<br /> <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Aug 6, 2016</small></span><br /> <br /> <br />
==Nomenclature==<br />
<br />
* The IAU name is Latin for "Tranquility Base", Apollo 11 landing site.<br />
* Although this [[landing%20site%20name|landing site name]] is listed as '''Statio Tranquillitatis''' in the on-line [[IAU%20Planetary%20Gazetteer|IAU Planetary Gazetteer]] it appears that the name that was formally adopted in 1970 was '''Tranquility Base (Statio Tranquillitatis)''' ([[Menzel%2C%201971#Probe_landing_sites|Menzel, 1971]]). If correct, this would be contrary to the normal form, for the name placed in parenthesis usually indicates an older name that is being replaced by a new one. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span><br />
* The only other [[Landing%20Site%20Name|Landing Site Name]] adopted by the IAU in connection with Apollo 11 is the crater [[West|West]]. Many other informal names for navigational landmarks used in preparing for the flight can be found on the maps and charts in the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/images11.html Image Library] of the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal]. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span><br />
<br /> <br />
==APOD Articles==<br />
[https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap170722.html Apollo 11 catching some sun] Tranquillity Base''';''' LMP Edwin Aldrin and the Solar Wind Composition Experiment, LM ''Eagle'' in the background, and two bright (slightly spectral-colored) catadioptric effects near the upper left corner of the photograph. Catadioptric effects are reflected images of the sun, created by the optical system inside the ''Hasselblad'' camera (often misunderstood as "''Studio Floodlights''").<br /> <br /> <br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
[http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/December_15,_2004 All but Armstrong] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/July_20,_2006 Apollo 11 + 37 years] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/July_20,_2008 39 and Counting] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/July_20,_2009 The Last Celebration] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/August_20,_2009 A Well Dressed Well] (One Small Step For Man, 1969-2009)<br /> <br /> <br />
==LROC Articles==<br />
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/157 LROC's First Look at the Apollo Landing Sites]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/22 Apollo 11: Second look]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/65 High Noon at Tranquility Base]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/484 A Stark Beauty All Its Own]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/563 "Houston, Tranquility base here"]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Liu, Y. ''et al'' (2012). [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo1601.html Direct Measurement of Hydroxyl in the Lunar Regolith and the Origin of Lunar Surface Water] ([http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/extref/ngeo1601-s1.pdf PDF introductory]) – [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/index.html Nature Geoscience], Vol 5, No 10, DOI:10.1038/ngeo1616. Published 14 Oct, 2012.<br />
* [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/Apollo11/A11_lsite.html Apollo 11 Landing Site Overview]<br />
* [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal]<br />
* D. W. Beaty and A. L. Albee. 1980 [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980LPSC...11...23B The geology and petrology of the Apollo 11 landing site]. In: ''Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 11th'', Houston, TX, March 17-21, 1980, Proceedings. Volume 1. New York, Pergamon Press, p. 23-35.<br />
* APOLLO OVER THE MOON; A VIEW FROM ORBIT, [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-362/ch2.htm Chapter 2: Regional views], Figure 23.<br />
* FIRST EXPLORERS ON THE MOON; the incredible story of Apollo 11 in five parts (''National Geographic'' December 1969).<br />
* David M. Harland. 1999. ''[[Exploring%20the%20Moon%3B%20the%20Apollo%20expeditions|Exploring the Moon; the Apollo expeditions]]''.<br />
* [[file/view/Apollo%2011%20Press%20Kit.doc/37822450/Apollo%2011%20Press%20Kit.doc|Apollo 11 Press Kit]] ''(Word document).''<br />
* Norman Mailer [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Moonfire MOONFIRE, the epic journey of Apollo 11]<br />
* APOLLO 11 - THE NASA MISSION REPORTS, Volume 1 and 2. Compiled from the NASA archives and edited by Robert Godwin. Apogee Books, 1999.<br />
<br /> <br />
==Something to investigate: is the moon an excellent example of Michel Foucault's HETEROTOPIA?==<br />
In other words''':''' of all places, Earth's moon is perhaps the most ideal example of '''''otherness'''''. How would the Apollo astronauts have thought about it?<br /> See Wikipedia page [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterotopia_(space) Heterotopia].<br /> Believe it or not, I discovered the word '''HETEROTOPIA''' during an online investigation of a peculiar street in my hometown (Ghent, East-Flanders) which is often called the "''Little Street of Glass''" or "''Glazen Straatje''" (the <u>what</u>?). Officially this peculiar street is known as the ''Pieter Vanderdoncktdoorgang''.<br /> This little street has the somewhat shady reputation of being the'''...''' eh'''...''' Ghent's most cosy environment. On the Wikipedia page of this street it is described as an example of '''Heterotopia''' (a certain environment of '''''otherness'''''). See the (Flemish) [https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitutie_in_Gent Wikipedia page].<br /> '''''...'''cough'''...'''''<br /> <br /> <br />
==Another curiosity... (Andrew Smith's MOONDUST)==<br />
Andrew Smith's book ''MOONDUST'' (2005) shows something which is (or could be?) an error (?).<br /> On page 24 of the Dutch version (''MAANSTOF'', 2006) there's a brief description of Edwin Aldrin's observation of a shiny metallic object on the moon's surface, prior to the landing of LM Eagle (Apollo 11). Andrew Smith described it as one of NASA's unmanned probes which landed earlier up there. As far as I know there was only one such case, namely Apollo 12's LM Intrepid and its pinpoint landing nearby the unmanned lander Surveyor III at the ''Surveyor'' crater... (the Lansberg sector of Oceanus Procellarum).<br /> Or... did Edwin Aldrin really noticed something from NASA up there slightly eastward of their (of Neil's and Buzz's) actual landing site? If so, this is something completely new to me!<br /> <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Sep 29, 2015</small></span><br /> <br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=Apollo_11_Site&diff=18403Apollo 11 Site2019-04-09T12:36:49Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
<hr />
<div><div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"><br />
=Apollo 11 Site / Statio Tranquillitatis=<br />
''(unofficial name / official name)''<br /> <br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
|<br />
Lat: 0.8°N, Long: 23.5°E, [[R%C3%BCkl%2035|Rükl: 35]]<br /><br />
|-<br />
|<br />
[[Image:Tranquil.jpg|external image tranquil.jpg]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pid=1704&fullsize=1 [[Image:Normal_Apollo_11_LO_iv_085_h1.jpg|external image normal_Apollo_11_LO_iv_085_h1.jpg]]]<br /><br />
|-<br />
| ''[http://history.nasa.gov/ap15fj/a15images.htm Apollo 15 Flight Journal]'' view looking south over the Apollo 11 landing area<br /><br />
| ''[http://lpod.org/coppermine/displayimage.php?pos=-1704 LPI Online Lunar Orbiter Atlas]'' north-up aerial view<br /><br />
|}<br />
<br /> <div id="toc"><br />
<br />
==Images==<br />
[http://www.lpod.org/coppermine/thumbnails.php?album=search&type=full&search=collins LPOD Photo Gallery images] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/bin/srch_nam.shtml?Apollo%2011%7C0 Lunar Orbiter Images] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/search/feature/?feature=Site%202 Apollo Images of landing site from orbit (1)] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/search/feature/?feature=Landing%20Site%202 Apollo Images of landing site from orbit (2)] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/catalog/70mm/mission/?11 Images taken from surface] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/catalog/alscc/magazine/?45 Close-up images of surface]<br /> <br />
* For many additional maps and images see the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/images11.html Image Library] of the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal].<br />
* To relate the orbital photos to a location as seen from Earth, see Dan Durda's nicely arranged [http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~durda/Apollo/ Exploring the Apollo Landing Sites] zoom-in sequence (click on "Apollo 11").<br />
* The Apollo 11 Site was ''not'' among the areas mapped at high resolution with the metric and panoramic cameras of the final three [[Apollo%20program|Apollo missions]]. The most detailed aerial views of '''Tranquility Base''' and its immediate surroundings appear to be those collected by the [http://lpod.wikispaces.com/July%2020%2C%202008 Data Acquistion Camera] as it filmed the descent and ascent from the window of the landing module. These probably served as the background for the detailed [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LPST/ap_11_12_14/ Site Traverses Map].<br />
* South-southeast looking [http://www.donaldedavis.com/2008%20new/A11VIDPAN.jpg panorama], composed by Don Davis (Apollo 11 video frames).<br />
* A little bit more to the north of the actual landing spot, and there would have been some interesting investigations of relatively large boulders! See the High-Resolution scan of [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a11/AS11-40-5856HR.jpg AS11-40-5856], looking north. Research Danny Caes<br />
<br /> <br />
==Maps==<br />
''([[LAC%20zone|LAC zone]] 60C4)'' [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LAC/lac60/ LAC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I510/ Geologic map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LM/lm60/ LM map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/AIC/AIC60C/ AIC map] [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LPST/ap_11_12_14/ Landing site map]<br /> [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I619/ USGS Geologic Map of Apollo Landing Site 2 (Apollo 11) I-619] (of which the actual landing site of Apollo 11 (LM Eagle, '''''Tranquillity Base''''') is detectable near the lower left corner of the map).<br /> [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/I618/ USGS Geologic Map of the Sabine D Region, I-618] (also shows the actual landing site of Apollo 11, near the lower left corner of the map).<br /> <br /> <br />
==Description==<br />
According to the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11psr.html Apollo 11 Preliminary Science Report], this site, which was chosen for reasons of safety rather than geologic interest, proved to consist of fragmented debris ranging in size from fine particles to blocks about 0.8 meter wide. The entire area explored was less than the size of a [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/A11vsFootball.gif soccer field]. The best way to get a quick overview of the Apollo 11 site is probably the [[LPI|LPI]]'s [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/Apollo11/A11_lsite.html Landing Site Overview]. James R. Zimbelman's [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/publications/slidesets/apollolanding/ Slide Show], on the same site, clearly illustrates the location in relation to landmarks visible (through a telescope) from Earth. Once the general setting is understood, the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal] can be read with profit.<br /> <br /> <br />
==Walter Cronkite (CBS) and Apollo 11==<br />
''I've noticed in the reporting that those under 16 want to know about escape velocity and they want to know about the lunar trajectory velocity, and those over 30 or so say, "Don't tell me all that, I just don't understand. Tell me when we get there."''<br /> MOONFIRE - the epic journey of Apollo 11 (Norman Mailer), page 151.<br /> <br /> <br />
==Description: Wikipedia==<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_11 Apollo 11] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statio_Tranquillitatis Statio Tranquillitatis]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* The coordinates given in the title line are the official IAU coordinates for the feature known as '''Statio Tranquillitatis''' (the landing site). According to [[ULCN|Davies and Colvin, 2000]] the precise coordinates at which the Lunar Module landed are: 0.67408°N, 23.47297°E. Their estimate is based on the later measured position of the Apollo 11 lunar laser ranging retroreflector (LRRR) and the assumption that the lander touched down 1.2 m east and 21.4 m north of that location. The earlier [[DMA|DMA]]-prepared [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LPST/ap_11_12_14/ Landing site map] gave the position as 0° 40' 12" N, 23° 29' 12" E (0.6700°N, 23.4867°E). The Wikipedia "Statio Tranquillitatis" page (source unknown) gives 0.6875°N, 23.4333°E, although the Apollo 11 page gives the Davies and Colvin value.<br />
* The LTVT Wiki includes an [http://ltvt.wikispaces.com/Apollo%2011%20Area%20Resolution%20Examples illustrated list] of the diameters of the craters near the Apollo 11 landing site that are potentially visible from Earth.<br />
* Sample 10084 - see also [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo1601.html Liu, Y.]''et al'', Oct 2012 reference (to regolith and surface water) in Bibliography below.<br />
<br /> <br />
==LM ''Eagle'' of Apollo 11 landed on a gentle slope==<br />
If you explore and investigate the panoramic ''Hasselblad'' photographs made at the landing site of LM ''Eagle'', you shall notice a much more distant horizon on the southward looking photographs. The northward looking photographs show a much more nearby horizon with quite large boulders. Which means''':''' LM ''Eagle'' landed on a gentle slope, slightly upward toward the north, and slightly downward toward the south. Did they land on the northern part of the rim of a large shallow depression? Note also the wonderful 3D Stereo images which could be obtained when several southward looking pan-photographs are combined!<br /> <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Aug 6, 2016</small></span><br /> <br /> <br />
==Nomenclature==<br />
<br />
* The IAU name is Latin for "Tranquility Base", Apollo 11 landing site.<br />
* Although this [[landing%20site%20name|landing site name]] is listed as '''Statio Tranquillitatis''' in the on-line [[IAU%20Planetary%20Gazetteer|IAU Planetary Gazetteer]] it appears that the name that was formally adopted in 1970 was '''Tranquility Base (Statio Tranquillitatis)''' ([[Menzel%2C%201971#Probe_landing_sites|Menzel, 1971]]). If correct, this would be contrary to the normal form, for the name placed in parenthesis usually indicates an older name that is being replaced by a new one. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span><br />
* The only other [[Landing%20Site%20Name|Landing Site Name]] adopted by the IAU in connection with Apollo 11 is the crater [[West|West]]. Many other informal names for navigational landmarks used in preparing for the flight can be found on the maps and charts in the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/images11.html Image Library] of the [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal]. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span><br />
<br /> <br />
==APOD Articles==<br />
[https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap170722.html Apollo 11 catching some sun] Tranquillity Base''';''' LMP Edwin Aldrin and the Solar Wind Composition Experiment, LM ''Eagle'' in the background, and two bright (slightly spectral-colored) catadioptric effects near the upper left corner of the photograph. Catadioptric effects are reflected images of the sun, created by the optical system inside the ''Hasselblad'' camera (often misunderstood as "''Studio Floodlights''").<br /> <br /> <br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
[http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/December_15,_2004 All but Armstrong] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/July_20,_2006 Apollo 11 + 37 years] [http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/July_20,_2008 39 and Counting] [http://lpod.wikispaces.com/July%2020%2C%202009 The Last Celebration] [http://lpod.wikispaces.com/August%2014%2C%202009 A Well Dressed Well] (One Small Step For Man, 1969-2009)<br /> <br /> <br />
==LROC Articles==<br />
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/157 LROC's First Look at the Apollo Landing Sites]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/22 Apollo 11: Second look]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/65 High Noon at Tranquility Base]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/484 A Stark Beauty All Its Own]<br /> [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/563 "Houston, Tranquility base here"]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Liu, Y. ''et al'' (2012). [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo1601.html Direct Measurement of Hydroxyl in the Lunar Regolith and the Origin of Lunar Surface Water] ([http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/extref/ngeo1601-s1.pdf PDF introductory]) – [http://www.nature.com/ngeo/index.html Nature Geoscience], Vol 5, No 10, DOI:10.1038/ngeo1616. Published 14 Oct, 2012.<br />
* [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/Apollo11/A11_lsite.html Apollo 11 Landing Site Overview]<br />
* [http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal]<br />
* D. W. Beaty and A. L. Albee. 1980 [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980LPSC...11...23B The geology and petrology of the Apollo 11 landing site]. In: ''Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 11th'', Houston, TX, March 17-21, 1980, Proceedings. Volume 1. New York, Pergamon Press, p. 23-35.<br />
* APOLLO OVER THE MOON; A VIEW FROM ORBIT, [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-362/ch2.htm Chapter 2: Regional views], Figure 23.<br />
* FIRST EXPLORERS ON THE MOON; the incredible story of Apollo 11 in five parts (''National Geographic'' December 1969).<br />
* David M. Harland. 1999. ''[[Exploring%20the%20Moon%3B%20the%20Apollo%20expeditions|Exploring the Moon; the Apollo expeditions]]''.<br />
* [[file/view/Apollo%2011%20Press%20Kit.doc/37822450/Apollo%2011%20Press%20Kit.doc|Apollo 11 Press Kit]] ''(Word document).''<br />
* Norman Mailer [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Moonfire MOONFIRE, the epic journey of Apollo 11]<br />
* APOLLO 11 - THE NASA MISSION REPORTS, Volume 1 and 2. Compiled from the NASA archives and edited by Robert Godwin. Apogee Books, 1999.<br />
<br /> <br />
==Something to investigate: is the moon an excellent example of Michel Foucault's HETEROTOPIA?==<br />
In other words''':''' of all places, Earth's moon is perhaps the most ideal example of '''''otherness'''''. How would the Apollo astronauts have thought about it?<br /> See Wikipedia page [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterotopia_(space) Heterotopia].<br /> Believe it or not, I discovered the word '''HETEROTOPIA''' during an online investigation of a peculiar street in my hometown (Ghent, East-Flanders) which is often called the "''Little Street of Glass''" or "''Glazen Straatje''" (the <u>what</u>?). Officially this peculiar street is known as the ''Pieter Vanderdoncktdoorgang''.<br /> This little street has the somewhat shady reputation of being the'''...''' eh'''...''' Ghent's most cosy environment. On the Wikipedia page of this street it is described as an example of '''Heterotopia''' (a certain environment of '''''otherness'''''). See the (Flemish) [https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitutie_in_Gent Wikipedia page].<br /> '''''...'''cough'''...'''''<br /> <br /> <br />
==Another curiosity... (Andrew Smith's MOONDUST)==<br />
Andrew Smith's book ''MOONDUST'' (2005) shows something which is (or could be?) an error (?).<br /> On page 24 of the Dutch version (''MAANSTOF'', 2006) there's a brief description of Edwin Aldrin's observation of a shiny metallic object on the moon's surface, prior to the landing of LM Eagle (Apollo 11). Andrew Smith described it as one of NASA's unmanned probes which landed earlier up there. As far as I know there was only one such case, namely Apollo 12's LM Intrepid and its pinpoint landing nearby the unmanned lander Surveyor III at the ''Surveyor'' crater... (the Lansberg sector of Oceanus Procellarum).<br /> Or... did Edwin Aldrin really noticed something from NASA up there slightly eastward of their (of Neil's and Buzz's) actual landing site? If so, this is something completely new to me!<br /> <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Sep 29, 2015</small></span><br /> <br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=System_of_Lunar_Craters&diff=18402System of Lunar Craters2018-10-18T12:38:29Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
<hr />
<div><div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"><br />
=''The System of Lunar Craters (SLC)''=<br />
(by D.W.G. Arthur, A.P. Agnieray, R.A. Horvath/Pellicori, C.A. Wood, C.R. Chapman and T. Weller)<br /> <br /> <div id="toc"><br />
<br />
==Description==<br />
The ''The System of Lunar Craters'' is a painstaking cataloging of all nearside lunar craters with diameters larger than 3.5 km was undertaken by the newly established [[LPL|Lunar and Planetary Laboratory]] at the University of Arizona, beginning in 1961. The work involved measuring the diameter and latitude and longitude of every named and lettered crater on the lunar nearside, plus all other craters larger than 3.5 km. Additional information determined for each crater included rim freshness, whether it was located on highlands or maria, and if it had central peaks or terraces. The ''System'' contains information on about 17,000 craters, and published in the form of four quadrant maps and catalogs, the last quadrant being completed in 1966. The catalogs appeared from 1963-1966 in numbers 30, 40, 50 and 70 of the ''Communications of the LPL'' and as a series of identical NASA Contract Reports (CR-52401, 57208, 68590, 78466). Each issue included [[Quad%20Maps|eleven maps]] illustrating the positions and sizes of all lettered and numbered rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features falling in that quadrant; but the catalogs list only craters. Each crater in the ''System'' has a unique 5 digit reference number derived from its position on the lunar surface.<br /> <br /> Each named and lettered crater, numbered rille and Greek-lettered peak in ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' was carefully compared with photos to check its existence and suitability as a landmark. A number of lettered features (and a few named ones) were deleted, and some new names and many new letters were added for craters and peaks, as were numbers for rilles. Nomenclature excerpts from the ''System'' [[SLC%20Nomenclature|text]] explain these changes.<br /> <br /> A [[IAU%20Transactions%20XIIB|report]], mostly describing some of the changes to ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' being made in the ''[[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]]'', but also mentioning the ''System of Lunar Craters'' and other works of the day -- such as the [[LAC|LAC]] maps being prepared by a forerunner of the [[DMA|DMA]] (which unfortunately don't always agree with the ''System'') and the [[Quad%20Maps|Quad Maps]] accompanying the ''System'' -- was approved the [[IAU|IAU]] Lunar Commission in 1964. In a [http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20Transactions%20XIIIA#Cartography 1967 report], the Lunar Commission's then-Chairman Donald Menzel expressed his hope that the hard work on the ''System'' would "be rewarded by wide acceptance." As a result, some version of the ''System'' was probably regarded by many as the [[IAU%20nomenclature|official nomenclature]] for the lunar nearside until about 1973, although the bulk of the revisions seem never to have been officially or specifically approved; and, a few paragraphs later in the same report, the Chairman notes the necessity of "a complete review of the problem of nomenclature of various lunar features" in view of conflicting input from experts in the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.<br /> <br /> [[Ewen%20Whitaker|Ewen Whitaker]]'s interpretation of the ''System of Lunar Craters'' as a successor to ''[[Named%20Lunar%20Formations|Named Lunar Formations]]'', from his [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE Short History of Lunar Nomenclature] in NASA ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' (1971), is as follows:<br /> <br /> <br />
* ''The work was completed in 1966. The new map and catalog, published by quadrants, used a new nomenclature system that the IAU accepted in 1964 and 1967 to supersede the 1935 IAU system. Although the catalog listed only craters, the map designated rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features. The LPL map and catalog were compiled using the best earth-based lunar photography then available. In 1969, revised maps of the quadrants were issued.''<br />
<br /> The larger [[Quad%20Maps|Quad maps]] described in the preceding paragraph were derived by combining the smaller ones. They were also prepared and published as a stand-alone product (which was probably more widely known and distributed than the catalog). Each Quad map included major updates to nomenclature (such as lettered limb craters receiving names) that had occurred since the original catalog had been published. All of these name changes were approved by the IAU. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br /> <br /> <br /> <br />
==SLC Map Sheets==<br />
Each quadrant catalog of the ''System'' ended with 11 [[Quad%20Maps|map sheets]] that showed every crater in the catalog and other peaks, mountains and rilles. The following index shows the numbering of the maps in rows and columns, with links to a copy of each extracted by John Moore from the PDF files of the ''Communications of the LPL'' on the [[LPL|LPL]] website. The maps are plotted south up, with east to the left.<br /> <br /> <br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B8 [[Image:SLC-B8.jpg|external image SLC-B8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C8 [[Image:SLC-C8.jpg|external image SLC-C8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D8 [[Image:SLC-D8.jpg|external image SLC-D8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E8 [[Image:SLC-E8.jpg|external image SLC-E8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A7 [[Image:SLC-A7.jpg|external image SLC-A7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B7 [[Image:SLC-B7.jpg|external image SLC-B7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C7 [[Image:SLC-C7.jpg|external image SLC-C7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D7 [[Image:SLC-D7.jpg|external image SLC-D7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E7 [[Image:SLC-E7.jpg|external image SLC-E7.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F7 [[Image:SLC-F7.jpg|external image SLC-F7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A6 [[Image:SLC-A6.jpg|external image SLC-A6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B6 [[Image:SLC-B6.jpg|external image SLC-B6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C6 [[Image:SLC-C6.jpg|external image SLC-C6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D6 [[Image:SLC-D6.jpg|external image SLC-D6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E6 [[Image:SLC-E6.jpg|external image SLC-E6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F6 [[Image:SLC-F6.jpg|external image SLC-F6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A5 [[Image:SLC-A5.jpg|external image SLC-A5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B5 [[Image:SLC-B5.jpg|external image SLC-B5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C5 [[Image:SLC-C5.jpg|external image SLC-C5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D5 [[Image:SLC-D5.jpg|external image SLC-D5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E5 [[Image:SLC-E5.jpg|external image SLC-E5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F5 [[Image:SLC-F5.jpg|external image SLC-F5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 [[Image:SLC-A4.jpg|external image SLC-A4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B4 [[Image:SLC-B4.jpg|external image SLC-B4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C4 [[Image:SLC-C4.jpg|external image SLC-C4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D4 [[Image:SLC-D4.jpg|external image SLC-D4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E4 [[Image:SLC-E4.jpg|external image SLC-E4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F4 [[Image:SLC-F4.jpg|external image SLC-F4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 [[Image:SLC-A3.jpg|external image SLC-A3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B3 [[Image:SLC-B3.jpg|external image SLC-B3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C3 [[Image:SLC-C3.jpg|external image SLC-C3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D3 [[Image:SLC-D3.jpg|external image SLC-D3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E3 [[Image:SLC-E3.jpg|external image SLC-E3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F3 [[Image:SLC-F3.jpg|external image SLC-F3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A2 [[Image:SLC-A2.jpg|external image SLC-A2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B2 [[Image:SLC-B2.jpg|external image SLC-B2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C2 [[Image:SLC-C2.jpg|external image SLC-C2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D2 [[Image:SLC-D2.jpg|external image SLC-D2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E2 [[Image:SLC-E2.jpg|external image SLC-E2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F2 [[Image:SLC-F2.jpg|external image SLC-F2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B1 [[Image:SLC-B1.jpg|external image SLC-B1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C1 [[Image:SLC-C1.jpg|external image SLC-C1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D1 [[Image:SLC-D1.jpg|external image SLC-D1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E1 [[Image:SLC-E1.jpg|external image SLC-E1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|}<br />
<br /> <br />
<br />
* A legend explaining the symbols used for plotting various feature types (which included lettered [[Albedo%20feature|albedo]] "spots") can be found on [[SLC-A2|Sheet A2]].<br />
* Fax-quality scans of the 44 sheets, overwritten with lunar domes notations, can be found on the [http://www.glrgroup.eu/old/domes/lunardomes.htm GLR website] (seems to be the wrong link, we don't need fashion and clothes, we need '''lunar domes'''!!!).<br />
==The 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap on yellowish A4 paper, created by a home printer (with additional colored markings)==<br />
<br />
* On sunday the 15th of January 2017, Danny Caes, the dedicated explorer and investigator of not-so-recent moonmaps and lunar atlases, decided to print the 44 sections of the above shown SLC-moonmap on yellowish-white (light-beige) colored paper (on 44 sheets of classic A4 paper) to write the disallowed (yet very useful) names from Hugh P. Wilkins and Patrick Moore on these 44 sections (blue ballpoint), and also whole series of names from lots of other sources, such as the ''Lunar Topographic Orthophotomaps'' (LTO), the ''Rand McNally'' moonmap, and all of the Apollo-era names for small surface formations captured on the HiRes photographs made with the ''Fairchild''- and ''Itek'' cameras aboard the ''SIM-bays'' of Apollo 15, 16, and 17. The nicknames from the early Apollo missions (Apollo 8, 10, and 11) at the equatorial '''Maskelyne''' and '''Secchi''' region are also included. In other words, the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are excellent material to create a much more complete overview of the official and unofficial nomenclature on the moon's near side!!! Thanks Charles A. Wood and his colleagues who created the SLC-moonmap! This is a very, <u>'''VERY'''</u> interesting moonmap! Also for those who want to know the locations of the Greek lettered hills and hillocks! Thanks!!! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Jan 14, 2017</small></span><br />
* But'''...''' on the other hand'''...''' none of the Greek letter designations at the coastline of '''Mare Crisium''' were included on [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 SLC chart A3] (the northern part of '''Mare Crisium''') and [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 SLC chart A4] (the southern part of '''Mare Crisium'''). Was the eastern part of the moon's near side (at and around '''Mare Crisium''') somehow "forgotten" terrain during the making of the 44 SLC charts?<br />
* An additional aesthetic note. This yellowish-white (light beige) paper (on which the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are printed) (black ink) looks very much like "''yellowish newspaper from the past''" (it's like articles from many decades ago, protected in transparent plastic maps, held together in a handy classeur). Call it nostalgia.<br />
* On these prints it's interesting to give the mare-regions (the low albedo areas) a soft light-grey color. To fill these low-albedo regions in with a "'''''H''''' " pencil is, as I think of it, the best way to add the soft grey color. The other pencils ("'''''HB''''' " and "'''''B''''' ") are much too dark! <u>Note</u>''':''' don't use the extremely hard "'''''H-9''''' " type of pencil, because the sharp point of such a pencil could scratch right through the paper! (for what sort of surfaces are these "'''''H-9''''' " pencils made? Metal surfaces?).<br />
* Here's the grading chart showing all shades of grey from the variety of graphite pencils, from '''''9-B''''' (soft point, black) to '''''9-H''''' (hard point, light grey), see [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/PencilGradingChart.png Wikipedia Graphite Pencil Grey Chart].<br />
* There are lots of suspected remains of nameless craters and basins on these 44 charts, depicted as dotted circle-shaped or ellipse-shaped lines. It is interesting to give these black dotted lines the color yellow. You'll be surprised to see how many of these suspected craters and basins there really are! (enough to create a huge catalog of them!). Within mere days you see a yellow moon, because most craters don't have a name or letter designation. The largest of them should be marked light green (the rather difficult to detect basins such as, for example, '''Balmer-Kapteyn''', '''Schiller-Zucchius''', etc...).<br />
* The Greek lettered hills and hillocks need their own color too. I decided to give each one of them a very tiny dot of Magenta color (pink). Many years ago I did the same thing on the charts of the ''Times Atlas of the Moon'' (each one of the very tiny and very difficult to trace Greek letters are underlined; Magenta).<br />
* So'''...''' this way you create a much more attractive SLC atlas than the colorless one you see in the 44 clickable scans above! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Feb 12, 2017</small></span><br />
<br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* The quadrants were numbered following the traditional system, established apparently by [[Beer%20and%20M%C3%A4dler|Beer and Mädler]] ([[Whitaker|Whitaker]], p. 121), in which Quad I = northeast (containing [[Mare%20Serenitatis|Mare Serenitatis]]), Quad II = northwest (containing [[Mare%20Imbrium|Mare Imbrium]]), Quad III = southwest (containing [[Mare%20Humorum|Mare Humorum]]), and Quad IV = southeast (containing [[Mare%20Nectaris|Mare Nectaris]]).<br />
* As tabulated in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' it appears that about one-quarter of the named features appearing in the ''System of Lunar Craters'' do not correlate with catalog numbers in [[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]. Many limb craters were given letter designations, reflecting great improvements in knowledge of the limb regions since 1935. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br />
* The published catalog volumes are rare and the only Internet access is to the small [[Quad%20Maps|maps]] published in the ''Communications of the LPL''. Until recently the full quadrant maps were sold by ''Sky and Telescope'', and may still be. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 28, 2007</small></span><br />
* The [[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]], illustrating in more detail the Moon's libration zones, was a companion piece to this project, and also endorsed (along with the NASA-sponsored [[LAC|LAC]] map series) in the same IAU resolutions.<br />
* For an alternative catalog compiled for NASA at around around the same time Boston University's ''[http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640005624 Catalog of Lunar Craters V]'' (1963), one of a series that attempts to list every crater detectable in a small area.<br />
* A few years after the ''System'' was completed, measuring the positions and diameters of lunar craters resumed at the [[LPL|LPL]]. This new work was based on measurements on [[Lunar%20Orbiter|Lunar Orbiter IV]] enlargements. [[Lunar%20%26%20Planetary%20Laboratory%20Catalog%20of%20Lunar%20Craters|This work]] was completed for the central nearside and in an abridged manner for the farside, and although the nearside catalog received a NASA publication number (NASA TM 79389) it was never published in its entirety. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span>, <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Nov 11, 2007</small></span><br />
* Some of the [[SLC%20Nomenclature|Nomenclature Text]] from Quadrant 1 is available on this Wiki. The full text can be accessed via the links in the Bibliography below.<br />
<br /> <br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
[http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/December_5,_2007 Sheets and Quads]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Bibliographic listings of the various volumes of the ''The System of Lunar Craters'' can be found in the [[SP-241%20-%20References|References]] section of ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''.<br />
** Scanned copies of some of the quadrants are available for on-line reading in a variety of formats on the Internet Archive:<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
** The searchable PDF's come from identical copies on the NASA Technical Reports Server:<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660032175 Quadrant III] (not scanned?)<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660029422 Quadrant IV]<br />
** Alternate scans are available on the [[LPL|LPL]] website:<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/030_Arthur_CommLPL_1964.pdf Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/040_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/050_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant III]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/070_Arthur_CommLPL_1966_.pdf Quadrant IV]<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1971). [[SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE|I. A Short History of Lunar Nomenclature]] in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1999). ''[[Whitaker|Mapping and Naming the Moon]]''<br />
<br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=System_of_Lunar_Craters&diff=18401System of Lunar Craters2018-10-18T12:35:15Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
<hr />
<div><div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"><br />
=''The System of Lunar Craters (SLC)''=<br />
(by D.W.G. Arthur, A.P. Agnieray, R.A. Horvath/Pellicori, C.A. Wood, C.R. Chapman and T. Weller)<br /> <br /> <div id="toc"><br />
<br />
==Description==<br />
The ''The System of Lunar Craters'' is a painstaking cataloging of all nearside lunar craters with diameters larger than 3.5 km was undertaken by the newly established [[LPL|Lunar and Planetary Laboratory]] at the University of Arizona, beginning in 1961. The work involved measuring the diameter and latitude and longitude of every named and lettered crater on the lunar nearside, plus all other craters larger than 3.5 km. Additional information determined for each crater included rim freshness, whether it was located on highlands or maria, and if it had central peaks or terraces. The ''System'' contains information on about 17,000 craters, and published in the form of four quadrant maps and catalogs, the last quadrant being completed in 1966. The catalogs appeared from 1963-1966 in numbers 30, 40, 50 and 70 of the ''Communications of the LPL'' and as a series of identical NASA Contract Reports (CR-52401, 57208, 68590, 78466). Each issue included [[Quad%20Maps|eleven maps]] illustrating the positions and sizes of all lettered and numbered rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features falling in that quadrant; but the catalogs list only craters. Each crater in the ''System'' has a unique 5 digit reference number derived from its position on the lunar surface.<br /> <br /> Each named and lettered crater, numbered rille and Greek-lettered peak in ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' was carefully compared with photos to check its existence and suitability as a landmark. A number of lettered features (and a few named ones) were deleted, and some new names and many new letters were added for craters and peaks, as were numbers for rilles. Nomenclature excerpts from the ''System'' [[SLC%20Nomenclature|text]] explain these changes.<br /> <br /> A [[IAU%20Transactions%20XIIB|report]], mostly describing some of the changes to ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' being made in the ''[[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]]'', but also mentioning the ''System of Lunar Craters'' and other works of the day -- such as the [[LAC|LAC]] maps being prepared by a forerunner of the [[DMA|DMA]] (which unfortunately don't always agree with the ''System'') and the [[Quad%20Maps|Quad Maps]] accompanying the ''System'' -- was approved the [[IAU|IAU]] Lunar Commission in 1964. In a [http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20Transactions%20XIIIA#Cartography 1967 report], the Lunar Commission's then-Chairman Donald Menzel expressed his hope that the hard work on the ''System'' would "be rewarded by wide acceptance." As a result, some version of the ''System'' was probably regarded by many as the [[IAU%20nomenclature|official nomenclature]] for the lunar nearside until about 1973, although the bulk of the revisions seem never to have been officially or specifically approved; and, a few paragraphs later in the same report, the Chairman notes the necessity of "a complete review of the problem of nomenclature of various lunar features" in view of conflicting input from experts in the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.<br /> <br /> [[Ewen%20Whitaker|Ewen Whitaker]]'s interpretation of the ''System of Lunar Craters'' as a successor to ''[[Named%20Lunar%20Formations|Named Lunar Formations]]'', from his [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE Short History of Lunar Nomenclature] in NASA ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' (1971), is as follows:<br /> <br /> <br />
* ''The work was completed in 1966. The new map and catalog, published by quadrants, used a new nomenclature system that the IAU accepted in 1964 and 1967 to supersede the 1935 IAU system. Although the catalog listed only craters, the map designated rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features. The LPL map and catalog were compiled using the best earth-based lunar photography then available. In 1969, revised maps of the quadrants were issued.''<br />
<br /> The larger [[Quad%20Maps|Quad maps]] described in the preceding paragraph were derived by combining the smaller ones. They were also prepared and published as a stand-alone product (which was probably more widely known and distributed than the catalog). Each Quad map included major updates to nomenclature (such as lettered limb craters receiving names) that had occurred since the original catalog had been published. All of these name changes were approved by the IAU. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br /> <br /> <br /> <br />
==SLC Map Sheets==<br />
Each quadrant catalog of the ''System'' ended with 11 [[Quad%20Maps|map sheets]] that showed every crater in the catalog and other peaks, mountains and rilles. The following index shows the numbering of the maps in rows and columns, with links to a copy of each extracted by John Moore from the PDF files of the ''Communications of the LPL'' on the [[LPL|LPL]] website. The maps are plotted south up, with east to the left.<br /> <br /> <br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B8 [[Image:SLC-B8.jpg|external image SLC-B8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C8 [[Image:SLC-C8.jpg|external image SLC-C8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D8 [[Image:SLC-D8.jpg|external image SLC-D8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E8 [[Image:SLC-E8.jpg|external image SLC-E8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A7 [[Image:SLC-A7.jpg|external image SLC-A7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B7 [[Image:SLC-B7.jpg|external image SLC-B7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C7 [[Image:SLC-C7.jpg|external image SLC-C7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D7 [[Image:SLC-D7.jpg|external image SLC-D7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E7 [[Image:SLC-E7.jpg|external image SLC-E7.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F7 [[Image:SLC-F7.jpg|external image SLC-F7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A6 [[Image:SLC-A6.jpg|external image SLC-A6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B6 [[Image:SLC-B6.jpg|external image SLC-B6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C6 [[Image:SLC-C6.jpg|external image SLC-C6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D6 [[Image:SLC-D6.jpg|external image SLC-D6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E6 [[Image:185683115.jpg|external image 185683115.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F6 [[Image:185683113.jpg|external image 185683113.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A5 [[Image:SLC-A5.jpg|external image SLC-A5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B5 [[Image:SLC-B5.jpg|external image SLC-B5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C5 [[Image:SLC-C5.jpg|external image SLC-C5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D5 [[Image:SLC-D5.jpg|external image SLC-D5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E5 [[Image:SLC-E5.jpg|external image SLC-E5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F5 [[Image:185683107.jpg|external image 185683107.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 [[Image:SLC-A4.jpg|external image SLC-A4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B4 [[Image:SLC-B4.jpg|external image SLC-B4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C4 [[Image:SLC-C4.jpg|external image SLC-C4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D4 [[Image:SLC-D4.jpg|external image SLC-D4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E4 [[Image:SLC-E4.jpg|external image SLC-E4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F4 [[Image:SLC-F4.jpg|external image SLC-F4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 [[Image:SLC-A3.jpg|external image SLC-A3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B3 [[Image:SLC-B3.jpg|external image SLC-B3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C3 [[Image:SLC-C3.jpg|external image SLC-C3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D3 [[Image:SLC-D3.jpg|external image SLC-D3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E3 [[Image:SLC-E3.jpg|external image SLC-E3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F3 [[Image:SLC-F3.jpg|external image SLC-F3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A2 [[Image:SLC-A2.jpg|external image SLC-A2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B2 [[Image:185669305.jpg|external image 185669305.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C2 [[Image:SLC-C2.jpg|external image SLC-C2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D2 [[Image:SLC-D2.jpg|external image SLC-D2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E2 [[Image:SLC-E2.jpg|external image SLC-E2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F2 [[Image:SLC-F2.jpg|external image SLC-F2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B1 [[Image:SLC-B1.jpg|external image SLC-B1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C1 [[Image:SLC-C1.jpg|external image SLC-C1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D1 [[Image:SLC-D1.jpg|external image SLC-D1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E1 [[Image:SLC-E1.jpg|external image SLC-E1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|}<br />
<br /> <br />
<br />
* A legend explaining the symbols used for plotting various feature types (which included lettered [[Albedo%20feature|albedo]] "spots") can be found on [[SLC-A2|Sheet A2]].<br />
* Fax-quality scans of the 44 sheets, overwritten with lunar domes notations, can be found on the [http://www.glrgroup.eu/old/domes/lunardomes.htm GLR website] (seems to be the wrong link, we don't need fashion and clothes, we need '''lunar domes'''!!!).<br />
==The 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap on yellowish A4 paper, created by a home printer (with additional colored markings)==<br />
<br />
* On sunday the 15th of January 2017, Danny Caes, the dedicated explorer and investigator of not-so-recent moonmaps and lunar atlases, decided to print the 44 sections of the above shown SLC-moonmap on yellowish-white (light-beige) colored paper (on 44 sheets of classic A4 paper) to write the disallowed (yet very useful) names from Hugh P. Wilkins and Patrick Moore on these 44 sections (blue ballpoint), and also whole series of names from lots of other sources, such as the ''Lunar Topographic Orthophotomaps'' (LTO), the ''Rand McNally'' moonmap, and all of the Apollo-era names for small surface formations captured on the HiRes photographs made with the ''Fairchild''- and ''Itek'' cameras aboard the ''SIM-bays'' of Apollo 15, 16, and 17. The nicknames from the early Apollo missions (Apollo 8, 10, and 11) at the equatorial '''Maskelyne''' and '''Secchi''' region are also included. In other words, the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are excellent material to create a much more complete overview of the official and unofficial nomenclature on the moon's near side!!! Thanks Charles A. Wood and his colleagues who created the SLC-moonmap! This is a very, <u>'''VERY'''</u> interesting moonmap! Also for those who want to know the locations of the Greek lettered hills and hillocks! Thanks!!! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Jan 14, 2017</small></span><br />
* But'''...''' on the other hand'''...''' none of the Greek letter designations at the coastline of '''Mare Crisium''' were included on [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 SLC chart A3] (the northern part of '''Mare Crisium''') and [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 SLC chart A4] (the southern part of '''Mare Crisium'''). Was the eastern part of the moon's near side (at and around '''Mare Crisium''') somehow "forgotten" terrain during the making of the 44 SLC charts?<br />
* An additional aesthetic note. This yellowish-white (light beige) paper (on which the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are printed) (black ink) looks very much like "''yellowish newspaper from the past''" (it's like articles from many decades ago, protected in transparent plastic maps, held together in a handy classeur). Call it nostalgia.<br />
* On these prints it's interesting to give the mare-regions (the low albedo areas) a soft light-grey color. To fill these low-albedo regions in with a "'''''H''''' " pencil is, as I think of it, the best way to add the soft grey color. The other pencils ("'''''HB''''' " and "'''''B''''' ") are much too dark! <u>Note</u>''':''' don't use the extremely hard "'''''H-9''''' " type of pencil, because the sharp point of such a pencil could scratch right through the paper! (for what sort of surfaces are these "'''''H-9''''' " pencils made? Metal surfaces?).<br />
* Here's the grading chart showing all shades of grey from the variety of graphite pencils, from '''''9-B''''' (soft point, black) to '''''9-H''''' (hard point, light grey), see [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/PencilGradingChart.png Wikipedia Graphite Pencil Grey Chart].<br />
* There are lots of suspected remains of nameless craters and basins on these 44 charts, depicted as dotted circle-shaped or ellipse-shaped lines. It is interesting to give these black dotted lines the color yellow. You'll be surprised to see how many of these suspected craters and basins there really are! (enough to create a huge catalog of them!). Within mere days you see a yellow moon, because most craters don't have a name or letter designation. The largest of them should be marked light green (the rather difficult to detect basins such as, for example, '''Balmer-Kapteyn''', '''Schiller-Zucchius''', etc...).<br />
* The Greek lettered hills and hillocks need their own color too. I decided to give each one of them a very tiny dot of Magenta color (pink). Many years ago I did the same thing on the charts of the ''Times Atlas of the Moon'' (each one of the very tiny and very difficult to trace Greek letters are underlined; Magenta).<br />
* So'''...''' this way you create a much more attractive SLC atlas than the colorless one you see in the 44 clickable scans above! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Feb 12, 2017</small></span><br />
<br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* The quadrants were numbered following the traditional system, established apparently by [[Beer%20and%20M%C3%A4dler|Beer and Mädler]] ([[Whitaker|Whitaker]], p. 121), in which Quad I = northeast (containing [[Mare%20Serenitatis|Mare Serenitatis]]), Quad II = northwest (containing [[Mare%20Imbrium|Mare Imbrium]]), Quad III = southwest (containing [[Mare%20Humorum|Mare Humorum]]), and Quad IV = southeast (containing [[Mare%20Nectaris|Mare Nectaris]]).<br />
* As tabulated in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' it appears that about one-quarter of the named features appearing in the ''System of Lunar Craters'' do not correlate with catalog numbers in [[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]. Many limb craters were given letter designations, reflecting great improvements in knowledge of the limb regions since 1935. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br />
* The published catalog volumes are rare and the only Internet access is to the small [[Quad%20Maps|maps]] published in the ''Communications of the LPL''. Until recently the full quadrant maps were sold by ''Sky and Telescope'', and may still be. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 28, 2007</small></span><br />
* The [[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]], illustrating in more detail the Moon's libration zones, was a companion piece to this project, and also endorsed (along with the NASA-sponsored [[LAC|LAC]] map series) in the same IAU resolutions.<br />
* For an alternative catalog compiled for NASA at around around the same time Boston University's ''[http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640005624 Catalog of Lunar Craters V]'' (1963), one of a series that attempts to list every crater detectable in a small area.<br />
* A few years after the ''System'' was completed, measuring the positions and diameters of lunar craters resumed at the [[LPL|LPL]]. This new work was based on measurements on [[Lunar%20Orbiter|Lunar Orbiter IV]] enlargements. [[Lunar%20%26%20Planetary%20Laboratory%20Catalog%20of%20Lunar%20Craters|This work]] was completed for the central nearside and in an abridged manner for the farside, and although the nearside catalog received a NASA publication number (NASA TM 79389) it was never published in its entirety. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span>, <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Nov 11, 2007</small></span><br />
* Some of the [[SLC%20Nomenclature|Nomenclature Text]] from Quadrant 1 is available on this Wiki. The full text can be accessed via the links in the Bibliography below.<br />
<br /> <br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
[http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/December_5,_2007 Sheets and Quads]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Bibliographic listings of the various volumes of the ''The System of Lunar Craters'' can be found in the [[SP-241%20-%20References|References]] section of ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''.<br />
** Scanned copies of some of the quadrants are available for on-line reading in a variety of formats on the Internet Archive:<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
** The searchable PDF's come from identical copies on the NASA Technical Reports Server:<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660032175 Quadrant III] (not scanned?)<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660029422 Quadrant IV]<br />
** Alternate scans are available on the [[LPL|LPL]] website:<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/030_Arthur_CommLPL_1964.pdf Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/040_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/050_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant III]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/070_Arthur_CommLPL_1966_.pdf Quadrant IV]<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1971). [[SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE|I. A Short History of Lunar Nomenclature]] in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1999). ''[[Whitaker|Mapping and Naming the Moon]]''<br />
<br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=System_of_Lunar_Craters&diff=18400System of Lunar Craters2018-10-18T12:34:12Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
<hr />
<div><div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"><br />
=''The System of Lunar Craters (SLC)''=<br />
(by D.W.G. Arthur, A.P. Agnieray, R.A. Horvath/Pellicori, C.A. Wood, C.R. Chapman and T. Weller)<br /> <br /> <div id="toc"><br />
<br />
==Description==<br />
The ''The System of Lunar Craters'' is a painstaking cataloging of all nearside lunar craters with diameters larger than 3.5 km was undertaken by the newly established [[LPL|Lunar and Planetary Laboratory]] at the University of Arizona, beginning in 1961. The work involved measuring the diameter and latitude and longitude of every named and lettered crater on the lunar nearside, plus all other craters larger than 3.5 km. Additional information determined for each crater included rim freshness, whether it was located on highlands or maria, and if it had central peaks or terraces. The ''System'' contains information on about 17,000 craters, and published in the form of four quadrant maps and catalogs, the last quadrant being completed in 1966. The catalogs appeared from 1963-1966 in numbers 30, 40, 50 and 70 of the ''Communications of the LPL'' and as a series of identical NASA Contract Reports (CR-52401, 57208, 68590, 78466). Each issue included [[Quad%20Maps|eleven maps]] illustrating the positions and sizes of all lettered and numbered rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features falling in that quadrant; but the catalogs list only craters. Each crater in the ''System'' has a unique 5 digit reference number derived from its position on the lunar surface.<br /> <br /> Each named and lettered crater, numbered rille and Greek-lettered peak in ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' was carefully compared with photos to check its existence and suitability as a landmark. A number of lettered features (and a few named ones) were deleted, and some new names and many new letters were added for craters and peaks, as were numbers for rilles. Nomenclature excerpts from the ''System'' [[SLC%20Nomenclature|text]] explain these changes.<br /> <br /> A [[IAU%20Transactions%20XIIB|report]], mostly describing some of the changes to ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' being made in the ''[[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]]'', but also mentioning the ''System of Lunar Craters'' and other works of the day -- such as the [[LAC|LAC]] maps being prepared by a forerunner of the [[DMA|DMA]] (which unfortunately don't always agree with the ''System'') and the [[Quad%20Maps|Quad Maps]] accompanying the ''System'' -- was approved the [[IAU|IAU]] Lunar Commission in 1964. In a [http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20Transactions%20XIIIA#Cartography 1967 report], the Lunar Commission's then-Chairman Donald Menzel expressed his hope that the hard work on the ''System'' would "be rewarded by wide acceptance." As a result, some version of the ''System'' was probably regarded by many as the [[IAU%20nomenclature|official nomenclature]] for the lunar nearside until about 1973, although the bulk of the revisions seem never to have been officially or specifically approved; and, a few paragraphs later in the same report, the Chairman notes the necessity of "a complete review of the problem of nomenclature of various lunar features" in view of conflicting input from experts in the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.<br /> <br /> [[Ewen%20Whitaker|Ewen Whitaker]]'s interpretation of the ''System of Lunar Craters'' as a successor to ''[[Named%20Lunar%20Formations|Named Lunar Formations]]'', from his [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE Short History of Lunar Nomenclature] in NASA ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' (1971), is as follows:<br /> <br /> <br />
* ''The work was completed in 1966. The new map and catalog, published by quadrants, used a new nomenclature system that the IAU accepted in 1964 and 1967 to supersede the 1935 IAU system. Although the catalog listed only craters, the map designated rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features. The LPL map and catalog were compiled using the best earth-based lunar photography then available. In 1969, revised maps of the quadrants were issued.''<br />
<br /> The larger [[Quad%20Maps|Quad maps]] described in the preceding paragraph were derived by combining the smaller ones. They were also prepared and published as a stand-alone product (which was probably more widely known and distributed than the catalog). Each Quad map included major updates to nomenclature (such as lettered limb craters receiving names) that had occurred since the original catalog had been published. All of these name changes were approved by the IAU. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br /> <br /> <br /> <br />
==SLC Map Sheets==<br />
Each quadrant catalog of the ''System'' ended with 11 [[Quad%20Maps|map sheets]] that showed every crater in the catalog and other peaks, mountains and rilles. The following index shows the numbering of the maps in rows and columns, with links to a copy of each extracted by John Moore from the PDF files of the ''Communications of the LPL'' on the [[LPL|LPL]] website. The maps are plotted south up, with east to the left.<br /> <br /> <br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B8 [[Image:SLC-B8.jpg|external image SLC-B8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C8 [[Image:SLC-C8.jpg|external image SLC-C8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D8 [[Image:SLC-D8.jpg|external image SLC-D8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E8 [[Image:SLC-E8.jpg|external image SLC-E8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A7 [[Image:SLC-A7.jpg|external image SLC-A7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B7 [[Image:SLC-B7.jpg|external image SLC-B7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C7 [[Image:SLC-C7.jpg|external image SLC-C7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D7 [[Image:SLC-D7.jpg|external image SLC-D7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E7 [[Image:SLC-E7.jpg|external image SLC-E7.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F7 [[Image:SLC-F7.jpg|external image SLC-F7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A6 [[Image:SLC-A6.jpg|external image SLC-A6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B6 [[Image:SLC-B6.jpg|external image SLC-B6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C6 [[Image:SLC-C6.jpg|external image SLC-C6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D6 [[Image:SLC-D6.jpg|external image SLC-D6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E6 [[Image:185683115.jpeg|external image 185683115.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F6 [[Image:185683113.jpeg|external image 185683113.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A5 [[Image:SLC-A5.jpg|external image SLC-A5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B5 [[Image:SLC-B5.jpg|external image SLC-B5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C5 [[Image:SLC-C5.jpg|external image SLC-C5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D5 [[Image:SLC-D5.jpg|external image SLC-D5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E5 [[Image:SLC-E5.jpg|external image SLC-E5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F5 [[Image:185683107.jpeg|external image 185683107.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 [[Image:SLC-A4.jpg|external image SLC-A4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B4 [[Image:SLC-B4.jpg|external image SLC-B4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C4 [[Image:SLC-C4.jpg|external image SLC-C4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D4 [[Image:SLC-D4.jpg|external image SLC-D4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E4 [[Image:SLC-E4.jpg|external image SLC-E4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F4 [[Image:SLC-F4.jpg|external image SLC-F4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 [[Image:SLC-A3.jpg|external image SLC-A3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B3 [[Image:SLC-B3.jpg|external image SLC-B3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C3 [[Image:SLC-C3.jpg|external image SLC-C3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D3 [[Image:SLC-D3.jpg|external image SLC-D3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E3 [[Image:SLC-E3.jpg|external image SLC-E3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F3 [[Image:SLC-F3.jpg|external image SLC-F3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A2 [[Image:SLC-A2.jpg|external image SLC-A2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B2 [[Image:185669305.jpeg|external image 185669305.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C2 [[Image:SLC-C2.jpg|external image SLC-C2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D2 [[Image:SLC-D2.jpg|external image SLC-D2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E2 [[Image:SLC-E2.jpg|external image SLC-E2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F2 [[Image:SLC-F2.jpg|external image SLC-F2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B1 [[Image:SLC-B1.jpg|external image SLC-B1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C1 [[Image:SLC-C1.jpg|external image SLC-C1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D1 [[Image:SLC-D1.jpg|external image SLC-D1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E1 [[Image:SLC-E1.jpg|external image SLC-E1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|}<br />
<br /> <br />
<br />
* A legend explaining the symbols used for plotting various feature types (which included lettered [[Albedo%20feature|albedo]] "spots") can be found on [[SLC-A2|Sheet A2]].<br />
* Fax-quality scans of the 44 sheets, overwritten with lunar domes notations, can be found on the [http://www.glrgroup.eu/old/domes/lunardomes.htm GLR website] (seems to be the wrong link, we don't need fashion and clothes, we need '''lunar domes'''!!!).<br />
==The 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap on yellowish A4 paper, created by a home printer (with additional colored markings)==<br />
<br />
* On sunday the 15th of January 2017, Danny Caes, the dedicated explorer and investigator of not-so-recent moonmaps and lunar atlases, decided to print the 44 sections of the above shown SLC-moonmap on yellowish-white (light-beige) colored paper (on 44 sheets of classic A4 paper) to write the disallowed (yet very useful) names from Hugh P. Wilkins and Patrick Moore on these 44 sections (blue ballpoint), and also whole series of names from lots of other sources, such as the ''Lunar Topographic Orthophotomaps'' (LTO), the ''Rand McNally'' moonmap, and all of the Apollo-era names for small surface formations captured on the HiRes photographs made with the ''Fairchild''- and ''Itek'' cameras aboard the ''SIM-bays'' of Apollo 15, 16, and 17. The nicknames from the early Apollo missions (Apollo 8, 10, and 11) at the equatorial '''Maskelyne''' and '''Secchi''' region are also included. In other words, the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are excellent material to create a much more complete overview of the official and unofficial nomenclature on the moon's near side!!! Thanks Charles A. Wood and his colleagues who created the SLC-moonmap! This is a very, <u>'''VERY'''</u> interesting moonmap! Also for those who want to know the locations of the Greek lettered hills and hillocks! Thanks!!! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Jan 14, 2017</small></span><br />
* But'''...''' on the other hand'''...''' none of the Greek letter designations at the coastline of '''Mare Crisium''' were included on [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 SLC chart A3] (the northern part of '''Mare Crisium''') and [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 SLC chart A4] (the southern part of '''Mare Crisium'''). Was the eastern part of the moon's near side (at and around '''Mare Crisium''') somehow "forgotten" terrain during the making of the 44 SLC charts?<br />
* An additional aesthetic note. This yellowish-white (light beige) paper (on which the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are printed) (black ink) looks very much like "''yellowish newspaper from the past''" (it's like articles from many decades ago, protected in transparent plastic maps, held together in a handy classeur). Call it nostalgia.<br />
* On these prints it's interesting to give the mare-regions (the low albedo areas) a soft light-grey color. To fill these low-albedo regions in with a "'''''H''''' " pencil is, as I think of it, the best way to add the soft grey color. The other pencils ("'''''HB''''' " and "'''''B''''' ") are much too dark! <u>Note</u>''':''' don't use the extremely hard "'''''H-9''''' " type of pencil, because the sharp point of such a pencil could scratch right through the paper! (for what sort of surfaces are these "'''''H-9''''' " pencils made? Metal surfaces?).<br />
* Here's the grading chart showing all shades of grey from the variety of graphite pencils, from '''''9-B''''' (soft point, black) to '''''9-H''''' (hard point, light grey), see [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/PencilGradingChart.png Wikipedia Graphite Pencil Grey Chart].<br />
* There are lots of suspected remains of nameless craters and basins on these 44 charts, depicted as dotted circle-shaped or ellipse-shaped lines. It is interesting to give these black dotted lines the color yellow. You'll be surprised to see how many of these suspected craters and basins there really are! (enough to create a huge catalog of them!). Within mere days you see a yellow moon, because most craters don't have a name or letter designation. The largest of them should be marked light green (the rather difficult to detect basins such as, for example, '''Balmer-Kapteyn''', '''Schiller-Zucchius''', etc...).<br />
* The Greek lettered hills and hillocks need their own color too. I decided to give each one of them a very tiny dot of Magenta color (pink). Many years ago I did the same thing on the charts of the ''Times Atlas of the Moon'' (each one of the very tiny and very difficult to trace Greek letters are underlined; Magenta).<br />
* So'''...''' this way you create a much more attractive SLC atlas than the colorless one you see in the 44 clickable scans above! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Feb 12, 2017</small></span><br />
<br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* The quadrants were numbered following the traditional system, established apparently by [[Beer%20and%20M%C3%A4dler|Beer and Mädler]] ([[Whitaker|Whitaker]], p. 121), in which Quad I = northeast (containing [[Mare%20Serenitatis|Mare Serenitatis]]), Quad II = northwest (containing [[Mare%20Imbrium|Mare Imbrium]]), Quad III = southwest (containing [[Mare%20Humorum|Mare Humorum]]), and Quad IV = southeast (containing [[Mare%20Nectaris|Mare Nectaris]]).<br />
* As tabulated in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' it appears that about one-quarter of the named features appearing in the ''System of Lunar Craters'' do not correlate with catalog numbers in [[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]. Many limb craters were given letter designations, reflecting great improvements in knowledge of the limb regions since 1935. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br />
* The published catalog volumes are rare and the only Internet access is to the small [[Quad%20Maps|maps]] published in the ''Communications of the LPL''. Until recently the full quadrant maps were sold by ''Sky and Telescope'', and may still be. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 28, 2007</small></span><br />
* The [[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]], illustrating in more detail the Moon's libration zones, was a companion piece to this project, and also endorsed (along with the NASA-sponsored [[LAC|LAC]] map series) in the same IAU resolutions.<br />
* For an alternative catalog compiled for NASA at around around the same time Boston University's ''[http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640005624 Catalog of Lunar Craters V]'' (1963), one of a series that attempts to list every crater detectable in a small area.<br />
* A few years after the ''System'' was completed, measuring the positions and diameters of lunar craters resumed at the [[LPL|LPL]]. This new work was based on measurements on [[Lunar%20Orbiter|Lunar Orbiter IV]] enlargements. [[Lunar%20%26%20Planetary%20Laboratory%20Catalog%20of%20Lunar%20Craters|This work]] was completed for the central nearside and in an abridged manner for the farside, and although the nearside catalog received a NASA publication number (NASA TM 79389) it was never published in its entirety. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span>, <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Nov 11, 2007</small></span><br />
* Some of the [[SLC%20Nomenclature|Nomenclature Text]] from Quadrant 1 is available on this Wiki. The full text can be accessed via the links in the Bibliography below.<br />
<br /> <br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
[http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/December_5,_2007 Sheets and Quads]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Bibliographic listings of the various volumes of the ''The System of Lunar Craters'' can be found in the [[SP-241%20-%20References|References]] section of ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''.<br />
** Scanned copies of some of the quadrants are available for on-line reading in a variety of formats on the Internet Archive:<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
** The searchable PDF's come from identical copies on the NASA Technical Reports Server:<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660032175 Quadrant III] (not scanned?)<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660029422 Quadrant IV]<br />
** Alternate scans are available on the [[LPL|LPL]] website:<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/030_Arthur_CommLPL_1964.pdf Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/040_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/050_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant III]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/070_Arthur_CommLPL_1966_.pdf Quadrant IV]<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1971). [[SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE|I. A Short History of Lunar Nomenclature]] in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1999). ''[[Whitaker|Mapping and Naming the Moon]]''<br />
<br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=System_of_Lunar_Craters&diff=18399System of Lunar Craters2018-10-18T12:33:24Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
<hr />
<div><div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"><br />
=''The System of Lunar Craters (SLC)''=<br />
(by D.W.G. Arthur, A.P. Agnieray, R.A. Horvath/Pellicori, C.A. Wood, C.R. Chapman and T. Weller)<br /> <br /> <div id="toc"><br />
<br />
==Description==<br />
The ''The System of Lunar Craters'' is a painstaking cataloging of all nearside lunar craters with diameters larger than 3.5 km was undertaken by the newly established [[LPL|Lunar and Planetary Laboratory]] at the University of Arizona, beginning in 1961. The work involved measuring the diameter and latitude and longitude of every named and lettered crater on the lunar nearside, plus all other craters larger than 3.5 km. Additional information determined for each crater included rim freshness, whether it was located on highlands or maria, and if it had central peaks or terraces. The ''System'' contains information on about 17,000 craters, and published in the form of four quadrant maps and catalogs, the last quadrant being completed in 1966. The catalogs appeared from 1963-1966 in numbers 30, 40, 50 and 70 of the ''Communications of the LPL'' and as a series of identical NASA Contract Reports (CR-52401, 57208, 68590, 78466). Each issue included [[Quad%20Maps|eleven maps]] illustrating the positions and sizes of all lettered and numbered rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features falling in that quadrant; but the catalogs list only craters. Each crater in the ''System'' has a unique 5 digit reference number derived from its position on the lunar surface.<br /> <br /> Each named and lettered crater, numbered rille and Greek-lettered peak in ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' was carefully compared with photos to check its existence and suitability as a landmark. A number of lettered features (and a few named ones) were deleted, and some new names and many new letters were added for craters and peaks, as were numbers for rilles. Nomenclature excerpts from the ''System'' [[SLC%20Nomenclature|text]] explain these changes.<br /> <br /> A [[IAU%20Transactions%20XIIB|report]], mostly describing some of the changes to ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' being made in the ''[[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]]'', but also mentioning the ''System of Lunar Craters'' and other works of the day -- such as the [[LAC|LAC]] maps being prepared by a forerunner of the [[DMA|DMA]] (which unfortunately don't always agree with the ''System'') and the [[Quad%20Maps|Quad Maps]] accompanying the ''System'' -- was approved the [[IAU|IAU]] Lunar Commission in 1964. In a [http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20Transactions%20XIIIA#Cartography 1967 report], the Lunar Commission's then-Chairman Donald Menzel expressed his hope that the hard work on the ''System'' would "be rewarded by wide acceptance." As a result, some version of the ''System'' was probably regarded by many as the [[IAU%20nomenclature|official nomenclature]] for the lunar nearside until about 1973, although the bulk of the revisions seem never to have been officially or specifically approved; and, a few paragraphs later in the same report, the Chairman notes the necessity of "a complete review of the problem of nomenclature of various lunar features" in view of conflicting input from experts in the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.<br /> <br /> [[Ewen%20Whitaker|Ewen Whitaker]]'s interpretation of the ''System of Lunar Craters'' as a successor to ''[[Named%20Lunar%20Formations|Named Lunar Formations]]'', from his [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE Short History of Lunar Nomenclature] in NASA ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' (1971), is as follows:<br /> <br /> <br />
* ''The work was completed in 1966. The new map and catalog, published by quadrants, used a new nomenclature system that the IAU accepted in 1964 and 1967 to supersede the 1935 IAU system. Although the catalog listed only craters, the map designated rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features. The LPL map and catalog were compiled using the best earth-based lunar photography then available. In 1969, revised maps of the quadrants were issued.''<br />
<br /> The larger [[Quad%20Maps|Quad maps]] described in the preceding paragraph were derived by combining the smaller ones. They were also prepared and published as a stand-alone product (which was probably more widely known and distributed than the catalog). Each Quad map included major updates to nomenclature (such as lettered limb craters receiving names) that had occurred since the original catalog had been published. All of these name changes were approved by the IAU. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br /> <br /> <br /> <br />
==SLC Map Sheets==<br />
Each quadrant catalog of the ''System'' ended with 11 [[Quad%20Maps|map sheets]] that showed every crater in the catalog and other peaks, mountains and rilles. The following index shows the numbering of the maps in rows and columns, with links to a copy of each extracted by John Moore from the PDF files of the ''Communications of the LPL'' on the [[LPL|LPL]] website. The maps are plotted south up, with east to the left.<br /> <br /> <br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B8 [[Image:SLC-B8.jpg|external image SLC-B8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C8 [[Image:SLC-C8.jpg|external image SLC-C8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D8 [[Image:SLC-D8.jpg|external image SLC-D8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E8 [[Image:SLC-E8.jpg|external image SLC-E8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A7 [[Image:SLC-A7.jpg|external image SLC-A7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B7 [[Image:SLC-B7.jpg|external image SLC-B7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C7 [[Image:SLC-C7.jpg|external image SLC-C7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D7 [[Image:SLC-D7.jpg|external image SLC-D7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E7 [[Image:SLC-E7.jpeg|external image SLC-E7.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F7 [[Image:SLC-F7.jpg|external image SLC-F7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A6 [[Image:SLC-A6.jpg|external image SLC-A6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B6 [[Image:SLC-B6.jpg|external image SLC-B6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C6 [[Image:SLC-C6.jpg|external image SLC-C6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D6 [[Image:SLC-D6.jpg|external image SLC-D6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E6 [[Image:185683115.jpeg|external image 185683115.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F6 [[Image:185683113.jpeg|external image 185683113.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A5 [[Image:SLC-A5.jpg|external image SLC-A5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B5 [[Image:SLC-B5.jpg|external image SLC-B5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C5 [[Image:SLC-C5.jpg|external image SLC-C5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D5 [[Image:SLC-D5.jpg|external image SLC-D5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E5 [[Image:SLC-E5.jpg|external image SLC-E5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F5 [[Image:185683107.jpeg|external image 185683107.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 [[Image:SLC-A4.jpg|external image SLC-A4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B4 [[Image:SLC-B4.jpg|external image SLC-B4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C4 [[Image:SLC-C4.jpg|external image SLC-C4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D4 [[Image:SLC-D4.jpg|external image SLC-D4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E4 [[Image:SLC-E4.jpg|external image SLC-E4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F4 [[Image:SLC-F4.jpg|external image SLC-F4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 [[Image:SLC-A3.jpg|external image SLC-A3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B3 [[Image:SLC-B3.jpg|external image SLC-B3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C3 [[Image:SLC-C3.jpg|external image SLC-C3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D3 [[Image:SLC-D3.jpg|external image SLC-D3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E3 [[Image:SLC-E3.jpg|external image SLC-E3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F3 [[Image:SLC-F3.jpg|external image SLC-F3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A2 [[Image:SLC-A2.jpg|external image SLC-A2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B2 [[Image:185669305.jpeg|external image 185669305.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C2 [[Image:SLC-C2.jpg|external image SLC-C2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D2 [[Image:SLC-D2.jpg|external image SLC-D2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E2 [[Image:SLC-E2.jpg|external image SLC-E2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F2 [[Image:SLC-F2.jpg|external image SLC-F2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B1 [[Image:SLC-B1.jpg|external image SLC-B1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C1 [[Image:SLC-C1.jpg|external image SLC-C1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D1 [[Image:SLC-D1.jpg|external image SLC-D1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E1 [[Image:SLC-E1.jpg|external image SLC-E1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|}<br />
<br /> <br />
<br />
* A legend explaining the symbols used for plotting various feature types (which included lettered [[Albedo%20feature|albedo]] "spots") can be found on [[SLC-A2|Sheet A2]].<br />
* Fax-quality scans of the 44 sheets, overwritten with lunar domes notations, can be found on the [http://www.glrgroup.eu/old/domes/lunardomes.htm GLR website] (seems to be the wrong link, we don't need fashion and clothes, we need '''lunar domes'''!!!).<br />
==The 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap on yellowish A4 paper, created by a home printer (with additional colored markings)==<br />
<br />
* On sunday the 15th of January 2017, Danny Caes, the dedicated explorer and investigator of not-so-recent moonmaps and lunar atlases, decided to print the 44 sections of the above shown SLC-moonmap on yellowish-white (light-beige) colored paper (on 44 sheets of classic A4 paper) to write the disallowed (yet very useful) names from Hugh P. Wilkins and Patrick Moore on these 44 sections (blue ballpoint), and also whole series of names from lots of other sources, such as the ''Lunar Topographic Orthophotomaps'' (LTO), the ''Rand McNally'' moonmap, and all of the Apollo-era names for small surface formations captured on the HiRes photographs made with the ''Fairchild''- and ''Itek'' cameras aboard the ''SIM-bays'' of Apollo 15, 16, and 17. The nicknames from the early Apollo missions (Apollo 8, 10, and 11) at the equatorial '''Maskelyne''' and '''Secchi''' region are also included. In other words, the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are excellent material to create a much more complete overview of the official and unofficial nomenclature on the moon's near side!!! Thanks Charles A. Wood and his colleagues who created the SLC-moonmap! This is a very, <u>'''VERY'''</u> interesting moonmap! Also for those who want to know the locations of the Greek lettered hills and hillocks! Thanks!!! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Jan 14, 2017</small></span><br />
* But'''...''' on the other hand'''...''' none of the Greek letter designations at the coastline of '''Mare Crisium''' were included on [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 SLC chart A3] (the northern part of '''Mare Crisium''') and [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 SLC chart A4] (the southern part of '''Mare Crisium'''). Was the eastern part of the moon's near side (at and around '''Mare Crisium''') somehow "forgotten" terrain during the making of the 44 SLC charts?<br />
* An additional aesthetic note. This yellowish-white (light beige) paper (on which the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are printed) (black ink) looks very much like "''yellowish newspaper from the past''" (it's like articles from many decades ago, protected in transparent plastic maps, held together in a handy classeur). Call it nostalgia.<br />
* On these prints it's interesting to give the mare-regions (the low albedo areas) a soft light-grey color. To fill these low-albedo regions in with a "'''''H''''' " pencil is, as I think of it, the best way to add the soft grey color. The other pencils ("'''''HB''''' " and "'''''B''''' ") are much too dark! <u>Note</u>''':''' don't use the extremely hard "'''''H-9''''' " type of pencil, because the sharp point of such a pencil could scratch right through the paper! (for what sort of surfaces are these "'''''H-9''''' " pencils made? Metal surfaces?).<br />
* Here's the grading chart showing all shades of grey from the variety of graphite pencils, from '''''9-B''''' (soft point, black) to '''''9-H''''' (hard point, light grey), see [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/PencilGradingChart.png Wikipedia Graphite Pencil Grey Chart].<br />
* There are lots of suspected remains of nameless craters and basins on these 44 charts, depicted as dotted circle-shaped or ellipse-shaped lines. It is interesting to give these black dotted lines the color yellow. You'll be surprised to see how many of these suspected craters and basins there really are! (enough to create a huge catalog of them!). Within mere days you see a yellow moon, because most craters don't have a name or letter designation. The largest of them should be marked light green (the rather difficult to detect basins such as, for example, '''Balmer-Kapteyn''', '''Schiller-Zucchius''', etc...).<br />
* The Greek lettered hills and hillocks need their own color too. I decided to give each one of them a very tiny dot of Magenta color (pink). Many years ago I did the same thing on the charts of the ''Times Atlas of the Moon'' (each one of the very tiny and very difficult to trace Greek letters are underlined; Magenta).<br />
* So'''...''' this way you create a much more attractive SLC atlas than the colorless one you see in the 44 clickable scans above! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Feb 12, 2017</small></span><br />
<br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* The quadrants were numbered following the traditional system, established apparently by [[Beer%20and%20M%C3%A4dler|Beer and Mädler]] ([[Whitaker|Whitaker]], p. 121), in which Quad I = northeast (containing [[Mare%20Serenitatis|Mare Serenitatis]]), Quad II = northwest (containing [[Mare%20Imbrium|Mare Imbrium]]), Quad III = southwest (containing [[Mare%20Humorum|Mare Humorum]]), and Quad IV = southeast (containing [[Mare%20Nectaris|Mare Nectaris]]).<br />
* As tabulated in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' it appears that about one-quarter of the named features appearing in the ''System of Lunar Craters'' do not correlate with catalog numbers in [[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]. Many limb craters were given letter designations, reflecting great improvements in knowledge of the limb regions since 1935. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br />
* The published catalog volumes are rare and the only Internet access is to the small [[Quad%20Maps|maps]] published in the ''Communications of the LPL''. Until recently the full quadrant maps were sold by ''Sky and Telescope'', and may still be. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 28, 2007</small></span><br />
* The [[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]], illustrating in more detail the Moon's libration zones, was a companion piece to this project, and also endorsed (along with the NASA-sponsored [[LAC|LAC]] map series) in the same IAU resolutions.<br />
* For an alternative catalog compiled for NASA at around around the same time Boston University's ''[http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640005624 Catalog of Lunar Craters V]'' (1963), one of a series that attempts to list every crater detectable in a small area.<br />
* A few years after the ''System'' was completed, measuring the positions and diameters of lunar craters resumed at the [[LPL|LPL]]. This new work was based on measurements on [[Lunar%20Orbiter|Lunar Orbiter IV]] enlargements. [[Lunar%20%26%20Planetary%20Laboratory%20Catalog%20of%20Lunar%20Craters|This work]] was completed for the central nearside and in an abridged manner for the farside, and although the nearside catalog received a NASA publication number (NASA TM 79389) it was never published in its entirety. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span>, <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Nov 11, 2007</small></span><br />
* Some of the [[SLC%20Nomenclature|Nomenclature Text]] from Quadrant 1 is available on this Wiki. The full text can be accessed via the links in the Bibliography below.<br />
<br /> <br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
[http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/December_5,_2007 Sheets and Quads]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Bibliographic listings of the various volumes of the ''The System of Lunar Craters'' can be found in the [[SP-241%20-%20References|References]] section of ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''.<br />
** Scanned copies of some of the quadrants are available for on-line reading in a variety of formats on the Internet Archive:<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
** The searchable PDF's come from identical copies on the NASA Technical Reports Server:<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660032175 Quadrant III] (not scanned?)<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660029422 Quadrant IV]<br />
** Alternate scans are available on the [[LPL|LPL]] website:<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/030_Arthur_CommLPL_1964.pdf Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/040_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/050_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant III]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/070_Arthur_CommLPL_1966_.pdf Quadrant IV]<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1971). [[SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE|I. A Short History of Lunar Nomenclature]] in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1999). ''[[Whitaker|Mapping and Naming the Moon]]''<br />
<br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=System_of_Lunar_Craters&diff=18398System of Lunar Craters2018-10-18T12:32:13Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
<hr />
<div><div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"><br />
=''The System of Lunar Craters (SLC)''=<br />
(by D.W.G. Arthur, A.P. Agnieray, R.A. Horvath/Pellicori, C.A. Wood, C.R. Chapman and T. Weller)<br /> <br /> <div id="toc"><br />
<br />
==Description==<br />
The ''The System of Lunar Craters'' is a painstaking cataloging of all nearside lunar craters with diameters larger than 3.5 km was undertaken by the newly established [[LPL|Lunar and Planetary Laboratory]] at the University of Arizona, beginning in 1961. The work involved measuring the diameter and latitude and longitude of every named and lettered crater on the lunar nearside, plus all other craters larger than 3.5 km. Additional information determined for each crater included rim freshness, whether it was located on highlands or maria, and if it had central peaks or terraces. The ''System'' contains information on about 17,000 craters, and published in the form of four quadrant maps and catalogs, the last quadrant being completed in 1966. The catalogs appeared from 1963-1966 in numbers 30, 40, 50 and 70 of the ''Communications of the LPL'' and as a series of identical NASA Contract Reports (CR-52401, 57208, 68590, 78466). Each issue included [[Quad%20Maps|eleven maps]] illustrating the positions and sizes of all lettered and numbered rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features falling in that quadrant; but the catalogs list only craters. Each crater in the ''System'' has a unique 5 digit reference number derived from its position on the lunar surface.<br /> <br /> Each named and lettered crater, numbered rille and Greek-lettered peak in ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' was carefully compared with photos to check its existence and suitability as a landmark. A number of lettered features (and a few named ones) were deleted, and some new names and many new letters were added for craters and peaks, as were numbers for rilles. Nomenclature excerpts from the ''System'' [[SLC%20Nomenclature|text]] explain these changes.<br /> <br /> A [[IAU%20Transactions%20XIIB|report]], mostly describing some of the changes to ''[[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]'' being made in the ''[[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]]'', but also mentioning the ''System of Lunar Craters'' and other works of the day -- such as the [[LAC|LAC]] maps being prepared by a forerunner of the [[DMA|DMA]] (which unfortunately don't always agree with the ''System'') and the [[Quad%20Maps|Quad Maps]] accompanying the ''System'' -- was approved the [[IAU|IAU]] Lunar Commission in 1964. In a [http://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU%20Transactions%20XIIIA#Cartography 1967 report], the Lunar Commission's then-Chairman Donald Menzel expressed his hope that the hard work on the ''System'' would "be rewarded by wide acceptance." As a result, some version of the ''System'' was probably regarded by many as the [[IAU%20nomenclature|official nomenclature]] for the lunar nearside until about 1973, although the bulk of the revisions seem never to have been officially or specifically approved; and, a few paragraphs later in the same report, the Chairman notes the necessity of "a complete review of the problem of nomenclature of various lunar features" in view of conflicting input from experts in the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.<br /> <br /> [[Ewen%20Whitaker|Ewen Whitaker]]'s interpretation of the ''System of Lunar Craters'' as a successor to ''[[Named%20Lunar%20Formations|Named Lunar Formations]]'', from his [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE Short History of Lunar Nomenclature] in NASA ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' (1971), is as follows:<br /> <br /> <br />
* ''The work was completed in 1966. The new map and catalog, published by quadrants, used a new nomenclature system that the IAU accepted in 1964 and 1967 to supersede the 1935 IAU system. Although the catalog listed only craters, the map designated rilles, peaks, promontories, and other lunar features. The LPL map and catalog were compiled using the best earth-based lunar photography then available. In 1969, revised maps of the quadrants were issued.''<br />
<br /> The larger [[Quad%20Maps|Quad maps]] described in the preceding paragraph were derived by combining the smaller ones. They were also prepared and published as a stand-alone product (which was probably more widely known and distributed than the catalog). Each Quad map included major updates to nomenclature (such as lettered limb craters receiving names) that had occurred since the original catalog had been published. All of these name changes were approved by the IAU. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br /> <br /> <br /> <br />
==SLC Map Sheets==<br />
Each quadrant catalog of the ''System'' ended with 11 [[Quad%20Maps|map sheets]] that showed every crater in the catalog and other peaks, mountains and rilles. The following index shows the numbering of the maps in rows and columns, with links to a copy of each extracted by John Moore from the PDF files of the ''Communications of the LPL'' on the [[LPL|LPL]] website. The maps are plotted south up, with east to the left.<br /> <br /> <br />
{| class="wiki_table"<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B8 [[Image:SLC-B8.jpg|external image SLC-B8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C8 [[Image:SLC-C8.jpg|external image SLC-C8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D8 [[Image:SLC-D8.jpg|external image SLC-D8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E8 [[Image:SLC-E8.jpg|external image SLC-E8.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''8'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A7 [[Image:SLC-A7.jpg|external image SLC-A7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B7 [[Image:SLC-B7.jpg|external image SLC-B7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C7 [[Image:SLC-C7.jpg|external image SLC-C7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D7 [[Image:SLC-D7.jpg|external image SLC-D7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E7 [[Image:185678047.jpeg|external image SLC-E7.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F7 [[Image:SLC-F7.jpg|external image SLC-F7.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''7'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A6 [[Image:SLC-A6.jpg|external image SLC-A6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B6 [[Image:SLC-B6.jpg|external image SLC-B6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C6 [[Image:SLC-C6.jpg|external image SLC-C6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D6 [[Image:SLC-D6.jpg|external image SLC-D6.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E6 [[Image:185683115.jpeg|external image 185683115.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F6 [[Image:185683113.jpeg|external image 185683113.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''6'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A5 [[Image:SLC-A5.jpg|external image SLC-A5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B5 [[Image:SLC-B5.jpg|external image SLC-B5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C5 [[Image:SLC-C5.jpg|external image SLC-C5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D5 [[Image:SLC-D5.jpg|external image SLC-D5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E5 [[Image:SLC-E5.jpg|external image SLC-E5.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F5 [[Image:185683107.jpeg|external image 185683107.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''5'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 [[Image:SLC-A4.jpg|external image SLC-A4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B4 [[Image:SLC-B4.jpg|external image SLC-B4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C4 [[Image:SLC-C4.jpg|external image SLC-C4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D4 [[Image:SLC-D4.jpg|external image SLC-D4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E4 [[Image:SLC-E4.jpg|external image SLC-E4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F4 [[Image:SLC-F4.jpg|external image SLC-F4.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''4'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 [[Image:SLC-A3.jpg|external image SLC-A3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B3 [[Image:SLC-B3.jpg|external image SLC-B3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C3 [[Image:SLC-C3.jpg|external image SLC-C3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D3 [[Image:SLC-D3.jpg|external image SLC-D3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E3 [[Image:SLC-E3.jpg|external image SLC-E3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F3 [[Image:SLC-F3.jpg|external image SLC-F3.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''3'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A2 [[Image:SLC-A2.jpg|external image SLC-A2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B2 [[Image:185669305.jpeg|external image 185669305.jpeg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C2 [[Image:SLC-C2.jpg|external image SLC-C2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D2 [[Image:SLC-D2.jpg|external image SLC-D2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E2 [[Image:SLC-E2.jpg|external image SLC-E2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-F2 [[Image:SLC-F2.jpg|external image SLC-F2.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| '''2'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-B1 [[Image:SLC-B1.jpg|external image SLC-B1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-C1 [[Image:SLC-C1.jpg|external image SLC-C1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-D1 [[Image:SLC-D1.jpg|external image SLC-D1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
|<br />
[http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-E1 [[Image:SLC-E1.jpg|external image SLC-E1.jpg|64x64px]]]<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
| '''1'''<br /><br />
|-<br />
| <br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''A'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''B'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''C'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''D'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''E'''<br /><br />
| style="text-align: center" | '''F'''<br /><br />
| <br /><br />
|}<br />
<br /> <br />
<br />
* A legend explaining the symbols used for plotting various feature types (which included lettered [[Albedo%20feature|albedo]] "spots") can be found on [[SLC-A2|Sheet A2]].<br />
* Fax-quality scans of the 44 sheets, overwritten with lunar domes notations, can be found on the [http://www.glrgroup.eu/old/domes/lunardomes.htm GLR website] (seems to be the wrong link, we don't need fashion and clothes, we need '''lunar domes'''!!!).<br />
==The 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap on yellowish A4 paper, created by a home printer (with additional colored markings)==<br />
<br />
* On sunday the 15th of January 2017, Danny Caes, the dedicated explorer and investigator of not-so-recent moonmaps and lunar atlases, decided to print the 44 sections of the above shown SLC-moonmap on yellowish-white (light-beige) colored paper (on 44 sheets of classic A4 paper) to write the disallowed (yet very useful) names from Hugh P. Wilkins and Patrick Moore on these 44 sections (blue ballpoint), and also whole series of names from lots of other sources, such as the ''Lunar Topographic Orthophotomaps'' (LTO), the ''Rand McNally'' moonmap, and all of the Apollo-era names for small surface formations captured on the HiRes photographs made with the ''Fairchild''- and ''Itek'' cameras aboard the ''SIM-bays'' of Apollo 15, 16, and 17. The nicknames from the early Apollo missions (Apollo 8, 10, and 11) at the equatorial '''Maskelyne''' and '''Secchi''' region are also included. In other words, the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are excellent material to create a much more complete overview of the official and unofficial nomenclature on the moon's near side!!! Thanks Charles A. Wood and his colleagues who created the SLC-moonmap! This is a very, <u>'''VERY'''</u> interesting moonmap! Also for those who want to know the locations of the Greek lettered hills and hillocks! Thanks!!! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Jan 14, 2017</small></span><br />
* But'''...''' on the other hand'''...''' none of the Greek letter designations at the coastline of '''Mare Crisium''' were included on [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A3 SLC chart A3] (the northern part of '''Mare Crisium''') and [http://the-moon.us/wiki/SLC-A4 SLC chart A4] (the southern part of '''Mare Crisium'''). Was the eastern part of the moon's near side (at and around '''Mare Crisium''') somehow "forgotten" terrain during the making of the 44 SLC charts?<br />
* An additional aesthetic note. This yellowish-white (light beige) paper (on which the 44 sections of the SLC-moonmap are printed) (black ink) looks very much like "''yellowish newspaper from the past''" (it's like articles from many decades ago, protected in transparent plastic maps, held together in a handy classeur). Call it nostalgia.<br />
* On these prints it's interesting to give the mare-regions (the low albedo areas) a soft light-grey color. To fill these low-albedo regions in with a "'''''H''''' " pencil is, as I think of it, the best way to add the soft grey color. The other pencils ("'''''HB''''' " and "'''''B''''' ") are much too dark! <u>Note</u>''':''' don't use the extremely hard "'''''H-9''''' " type of pencil, because the sharp point of such a pencil could scratch right through the paper! (for what sort of surfaces are these "'''''H-9''''' " pencils made? Metal surfaces?).<br />
* Here's the grading chart showing all shades of grey from the variety of graphite pencils, from '''''9-B''''' (soft point, black) to '''''9-H''''' (hard point, light grey), see [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/PencilGradingChart.png Wikipedia Graphite Pencil Grey Chart].<br />
* There are lots of suspected remains of nameless craters and basins on these 44 charts, depicted as dotted circle-shaped or ellipse-shaped lines. It is interesting to give these black dotted lines the color yellow. You'll be surprised to see how many of these suspected craters and basins there really are! (enough to create a huge catalog of them!). Within mere days you see a yellow moon, because most craters don't have a name or letter designation. The largest of them should be marked light green (the rather difficult to detect basins such as, for example, '''Balmer-Kapteyn''', '''Schiller-Zucchius''', etc...).<br />
* The Greek lettered hills and hillocks need their own color too. I decided to give each one of them a very tiny dot of Magenta color (pink). Many years ago I did the same thing on the charts of the ''Times Atlas of the Moon'' (each one of the very tiny and very difficult to trace Greek letters are underlined; Magenta).<br />
* So'''...''' this way you create a much more attractive SLC atlas than the colorless one you see in the 44 clickable scans above! <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Feb 12, 2017</small></span><br />
<br /> <br />
==Additional Information==<br />
<br />
* The quadrants were numbered following the traditional system, established apparently by [[Beer%20and%20M%C3%A4dler|Beer and Mädler]] ([[Whitaker|Whitaker]], p. 121), in which Quad I = northeast (containing [[Mare%20Serenitatis|Mare Serenitatis]]), Quad II = northwest (containing [[Mare%20Imbrium|Mare Imbrium]]), Quad III = southwest (containing [[Mare%20Humorum|Mare Humorum]]), and Quad IV = southeast (containing [[Mare%20Nectaris|Mare Nectaris]]).<br />
* As tabulated in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|SP-241]]'' it appears that about one-quarter of the named features appearing in the ''System of Lunar Craters'' do not correlate with catalog numbers in [[Blagg%20and%20M%C3%BCller|Blagg and Müller]]. Many limb craters were given letter designations, reflecting great improvements in knowledge of the limb regions since 1935. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 26, 2009</small></span><br />
* The published catalog volumes are rare and the only Internet access is to the small [[Quad%20Maps|maps]] published in the ''Communications of the LPL''. Until recently the full quadrant maps were sold by ''Sky and Telescope'', and may still be. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jul 28, 2007</small></span><br />
* The [[Rectified%20Lunar%20Atlas|Rectified Lunar Atlas]], illustrating in more detail the Moon's libration zones, was a companion piece to this project, and also endorsed (along with the NASA-sponsored [[LAC|LAC]] map series) in the same IAU resolutions.<br />
* For an alternative catalog compiled for NASA at around around the same time Boston University's ''[http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640005624 Catalog of Lunar Craters V]'' (1963), one of a series that attempts to list every crater detectable in a small area.<br />
* A few years after the ''System'' was completed, measuring the positions and diameters of lunar craters resumed at the [[LPL|LPL]]. This new work was based on measurements on [[Lunar%20Orbiter|Lunar Orbiter IV]] enlargements. [[Lunar%20%26%20Planetary%20Laboratory%20Catalog%20of%20Lunar%20Craters|This work]] was completed for the central nearside and in an abridged manner for the farside, and although the nearside catalog received a NASA publication number (NASA TM 79389) it was never published in its entirety. <span class="membersnap">- JimMosher</span>, <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Nov 11, 2007</small></span><br />
* Some of the [[SLC%20Nomenclature|Nomenclature Text]] from Quadrant 1 is available on this Wiki. The full text can be accessed via the links in the Bibliography below.<br />
<br /> <br />
==LPOD Articles==<br />
[http://www2.lpod.org/wiki/December_5,_2007 Sheets and Quads]<br /> <br /> <br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
* Bibliographic listings of the various volumes of the ''The System of Lunar Craters'' can be found in the [[SP-241%20-%20References|References]] section of ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''.<br />
** Scanned copies of some of the quadrants are available for on-line reading in a variety of formats on the Internet Archive:<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
** The searchable PDF's come from identical copies on the NASA Technical Reports Server:<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19640000465 Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19650009336 Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660032175 Quadrant III] (not scanned?)<br />
*** [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?N=0&Ntk=DocumentID&Ntx=mode%20matchall&Ntt=19660029422 Quadrant IV]<br />
** Alternate scans are available on the [[LPL|LPL]] website:<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/030_Arthur_CommLPL_1964.pdf Quadrant I]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/040_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant II]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/050_Arthur_CommLPL_1965.pdf Quadrant III]<br />
*** [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/SIC/journal/pdfs/070_Arthur_CommLPL_1966_.pdf Quadrant IV]<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1971). [[SP-241%20-%20A%20SHORT%20HISTORY%20OF%20LUNAR%20NOMENCLATURE|I. A Short History of Lunar Nomenclature]] in ''[[NASA%20SP-241|NASA SP-241]]''<br />
* Whitaker, E. (1999). ''[[Whitaker|Mapping and Naming the Moon]]''<br />
<br /><br />
----<br />
</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=SLC-E7&diff=18397SLC-E72018-10-18T12:29:39Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
<hr />
<div><div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"><br />
=Map E7=<br />
From the [http://the-moon.us/wiki/System_of_Lunar_Craters#SLC_Map_Sheets System of Lunar Craters]. As was traditional, south is up in this map series.<br /> <br /> [[Image:SLC-E7.jpg|SLC-E7.jpg]]</div></div>Tychocraterhttp://the-moon.us/index.php?title=SLC-E6&diff=18396SLC-E62018-10-18T12:27:32Z<p>Tychocrater: </p>
<hr />
<div><div id="content_view" class="wiki" style="display: block"><br />
=Map E6=<br />
From the [http://the-moon.us/wiki/System_of_Lunar_Craters#SLC_Map_Sheets System of Lunar Craters]. As was traditional, south is up in this map series.<br /> <br /> [[Image:SLC-E6.jpg|SLC-E6.jpg]]</div></div>Tychocrater