Difference between revisions of "Lunar Volcanoes"

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=Lunar Volcanoes=
 
=Lunar Volcanoes=
 
  (glossary entry)<br /> <div id="toc">
 
  (glossary entry)<br /> <div id="toc">
=Table of Contents=
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<div style="margin-left: 1em">[#Lunar Volcanoes Lunar Volcanoes]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Lunar Volcanoes-Description Description]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Lunar Volcanoes-Additional Information Additional Information]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Lunar Volcanoes-Dimensions of Lunar Volcanoes Dimensions of Lunar Volcanoes]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Lunar Volcanoes-Farouk El-Baz's Lunar Ellipse of Fire Farouk El-Baz's Lunar Ellipse of Fire]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Lunar Volcanoes-Gaseous protuberances at the moon's polar limb areas? Gaseous protuberances at the moon's polar limb areas?]</div><div style="margin-left: 2em">[#Lunar Volcanoes-Bibliography Bibliography]</div></div>
 
 
==Description==
 
==Description==
 
<br />  
 
<br />  
 
==Additional Information==
 
==Additional Information==
 
* Many of the volcanoes on this list are small craters surrounded by what is interpreted as dark [[pyroclastic|pyroclastic]] material.
 
* Many of the volcanoes on this list are small craters surrounded by what is interpreted as dark [[pyroclastic|pyroclastic]] material.
* The distinction, or dividing line, between lunar volcanoes and [[domes|domes]] (of which there are much more extensive lists) seems to be vague; many domes being described as being analogous to shield volcanoes on Earth. <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher [[Image:JimMosher-lg.jpg|16px|JimMosher]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher JimMosher]</span>
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* The distinction, or dividing line, between lunar volcanoes and [[domes|domes]] (of which there are much more extensive lists) seems to be vague; many domes being described as being analogous to shield volcanoes on Earth. <span class="membersnap">- Jim Mosher</span>
* This list does include multiple types of lunar volcanoes. The three with designations in the GLR column are volcanic domes, the rest are generally other types of volcanoes, including dark halo craters and steep-sided cones. Generally, it is easy to distinguish between domes and other types of lunar volcanoes. <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater [[Image:tychocrater-lg.jpg|16px|tychocrater]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater tychocrater] <small>Jun 26, 2008</small></span>
+
* This list does include multiple types of lunar volcanoes. The three with designations in the GLR column are volcanic domes, the rest are generally other types of volcanoes, including dark halo craters and steep-sided cones. Generally, it is easy to distinguish between domes and other types of lunar volcanoes. <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Jun 26, 2008</small></span>
 
<br />  
 
<br />  
 
==Dimensions of Lunar Volcanoes==
 
==Dimensions of Lunar Volcanoes==
<br />  In 1981 Dick Pike and Gary Clow published a paper, ''Revised Classification of Terrestrial Volcanoes and Catalog of Topographic Dimensions, With New Results on Edifice Volume'' (US Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1038). Because Pike was also interested in volcanoes on other planets he included measurements for 18 possible lunar and 15 martian volcanoes. Here are the lunar data. Dimensions were measured from Lunar Orbiter IV and Apollo images and Lunar Topographic Orthophotomosaics.<br /> '''Note:''' There are many more lunar volcanoes than on this list - these are just the ones whose dimensions could be measured on high resolution images or maps. There is no list of all lunar volcanoes - even though it would include only 150-200 items.<br /> <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater [[Image:tychocrater-lg.jpg|16px|tychocrater]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater tychocrater] <small>Sep 8, 2007</small></span><br /> <br />  
+
<br />  In 1981 Dick Pike and Gary Clow published a paper, ''Revised Classification of Terrestrial Volcanoes and Catalog of Topographic Dimensions, With New Results on Edifice Volume'' (US Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1038). Because Pike was also interested in volcanoes on other planets he included measurements for 18 possible lunar and 15 martian volcanoes. Here are the lunar data. Dimensions were measured from Lunar Orbiter IV and Apollo images and Lunar Topographic Orthophotomosaics.<br /> '''Note:''' There are many more lunar volcanoes than on this list - these are just the ones whose dimensions could be measured on high resolution images or maps. There is no list of all lunar volcanoes - even though it would include only 150-200 items.<br /> <span class="membersnap">- tychocrater <small>Sep 8, 2007</small></span><br /> <br />  
 
{| class="wiki_table"
 
{| class="wiki_table"
 
| '''Name'''<br />
 
| '''Name'''<br />
Line 252: Line 251:
 
| -<br />
 
| -<br />
 
|}
 
|}
<br />  Crater Diameter is the diameter of the summit crater. Crater Depth is the depth of the crater. Height is the height of the entire volcano above its surroundings. Volcano Diameter is the diameter of the base of the volcano (all measurements in meters). Circularity is a measure of the crater's circularity - area of an inscribed circle divided by the area of circumscribed circle; 1 - perfect circle. Class: LC - cratered raised cone; LH - dark-halo crater; LD - cratered dome<br /> <br />  (Note that the typical "circularity" value of 0.5 means that Pike and Clow saw most of these volcanoes as having quite elliptical shapes -- with about a 2::1 aspect ratio -- presumably in overhead views. <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher [[Image:JimMosher-lg.jpg|16px|JimMosher]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher JimMosher]</span>)<br /> <br />  The following corrections to the original form have been made (<span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher [[Image:JimMosher-lg.jpg|16px|JimMosher]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/JimMosher JimMosher]</span>):<br />  
+
<br />  Crater Diameter is the diameter of the summit crater. Crater Depth is the depth of the crater. Height is the height of the entire volcano above its surroundings. Volcano Diameter is the diameter of the base of the volcano (all measurements in meters). Circularity is a measure of the crater's circularity - area of an inscribed circle divided by the area of circumscribed circle; 1 - perfect circle. Class: LC - cratered raised cone; LH - dark-halo crater; LD - cratered dome<br /> <br />  (Note that the typical "circularity" value of 0.5 means that Pike and Clow saw most of these volcanoes as having quite elliptical shapes -- with about a 2::1 aspect ratio -- presumably in overhead views. <span class="membersnap">- Jim Mosher</span>)<br /> <br />  The following corrections to the original form have been made (<span class="membersnap">- Jim Mosher</span>):<br />  
  
 
# Add '''IAU Name''' where a feature at the same position is currently named in the [[IAU%20nomenclature|IAU nomenclature]]. In general, the IAU names refer to the summit crater only.
 
# Add '''IAU Name''' where a feature at the same position is currently named in the [[IAU%20nomenclature|IAU nomenclature]]. In general, the IAU names refer to the summit crater only.
Line 266: Line 265:
 
  It appeared in the june 1973 issue of ''Sky and Telescope''; an article by Farouk El-Baz about his ''Lunar Ellipse of Fire, w''hich was some sort of equatorial ellipse on the moon's Near Side, containing regions of dark mantle ejecta, large blobs, halos around low rimmed craters, and small patches around domed hills. There were twelve special locations in this ellipse''':'''<br />  1: '''Littrow'''.<br />  2: '''Sulpicius Gallus'''.<br />  3: '''Sinus Fidei'''.<br />  4: '''Rimae Bode'''.<br />  5: '''Copernicus C''' and '''D'''.<br />  6: '''Fra Mauro'''.<br />  7: '''Alphonsus''''s floor.<br />  8: '''Theophilus''''s rim.<br />  9: '''Langrenus C''' ('''Acosta''').<br />  10. '''Peirce''' + '''Picard'''.<br />  11. Western part of '''Mare Crisium''''s rim.<br />  12. '''Macrobius A''' ('''Carmichael''').<br /> <br />  
 
  It appeared in the june 1973 issue of ''Sky and Telescope''; an article by Farouk El-Baz about his ''Lunar Ellipse of Fire, w''hich was some sort of equatorial ellipse on the moon's Near Side, containing regions of dark mantle ejecta, large blobs, halos around low rimmed craters, and small patches around domed hills. There were twelve special locations in this ellipse''':'''<br />  1: '''Littrow'''.<br />  2: '''Sulpicius Gallus'''.<br />  3: '''Sinus Fidei'''.<br />  4: '''Rimae Bode'''.<br />  5: '''Copernicus C''' and '''D'''.<br />  6: '''Fra Mauro'''.<br />  7: '''Alphonsus''''s floor.<br />  8: '''Theophilus''''s rim.<br />  9: '''Langrenus C''' ('''Acosta''').<br />  10. '''Peirce''' + '''Picard'''.<br />  11. Western part of '''Mare Crisium''''s rim.<br />  12. '''Macrobius A''' ('''Carmichael''').<br /> <br />  
 
==Gaseous ''protuberances'' at the moon's polar limb areas?==
 
==Gaseous ''protuberances'' at the moon's polar limb areas?==
  Many of the ancient lunar observers noticed something which looked like some sort of gaseous ''protuberances'' at the moon's polar limb areas. What could have been these odd appearances? Traces of some sort of weak internal activity? Some sort of equivalent of the geyser-like gaseous plumes detected by interplanetary probes at several moons of the giant planets Jupiter and Saturn? Is the same sort of phenomenon also noticeable at our own moon? Could we say that the moons in our solar system are more-or-less like giant comet nuclei? (appearances of gas and dust plumes).<br /> <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/DannyCaes [[Image:DannyCaes-lg.jpg|16px|DannyCaes]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/DannyCaes DannyCaes] <small>Nov 5, 2016</small></span><br /> <br />  
+
  Many of the ancient lunar observers noticed something which looked like some sort of gaseous ''protuberances'' at the moon's polar limb areas. What could have been these odd appearances? Traces of some sort of weak internal activity? Some sort of equivalent of the geyser-like gaseous plumes detected by interplanetary probes at several moons of the giant planets Jupiter and Saturn? Is the same sort of phenomenon also noticeable at our own moon? Could we say that the moons in our solar system are more-or-less like giant comet nuclei? (appearances of gas and dust plumes).<br /> <span class="membersnap">- DannyCaes <small>Nov 5, 2016</small></span><br /> <br />  
 
==Bibliography==
 
==Bibliography==
 
  Originally published at [http://www.lpod.org/cwm/DataStuff/volcano-sizes.html Chuck Wood's Moon] in 2004.<br />  Leonardi, Piero: [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Volcanoes%20and%20impact%20craters%20on%20the%20Moon%20and%20Mars Volcanoes and Impact Craters on the Moon and Mars].<br /> <br />
 
  Originally published at [http://www.lpod.org/cwm/DataStuff/volcano-sizes.html Chuck Wood's Moon] in 2004.<br />  Leonardi, Piero: [http://the-moon.us/wiki/Volcanoes%20and%20impact%20craters%20on%20the%20Moon%20and%20Mars Volcanoes and Impact Craters on the Moon and Mars].<br /> <br />
 
----
 
----
  This page has been edited 1 times. The last modification was made by <span class="membersnap">- [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater [[Image:tychocrater-lg.jpg|16px|tychocrater]]] [http://www.wikispaces.com/user/view/tychocrater tychocrater]</span> on Jun 13, 2009 3:24 pm - ''mgx2''</div>
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  </div>

Latest revision as of 17:36, 15 April 2018

Lunar Volcanoes

(glossary entry)

Description


Additional Information

  • Many of the volcanoes on this list are small craters surrounded by what is interpreted as dark pyroclastic material.
  • The distinction, or dividing line, between lunar volcanoes and domes (of which there are much more extensive lists) seems to be vague; many domes being described as being analogous to shield volcanoes on Earth. - Jim Mosher
  • This list does include multiple types of lunar volcanoes. The three with designations in the GLR column are volcanic domes, the rest are generally other types of volcanoes, including dark halo craters and steep-sided cones. Generally, it is easy to distinguish between domes and other types of lunar volcanoes. - tychocrater Jun 26, 2008


Dimensions of Lunar Volcanoes


In 1981 Dick Pike and Gary Clow published a paper, Revised Classification of Terrestrial Volcanoes and Catalog of Topographic Dimensions, With New Results on Edifice Volume (US Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1038). Because Pike was also interested in volcanoes on other planets he included measurements for 18 possible lunar and 15 martian volcanoes. Here are the lunar data. Dimensions were measured from Lunar Orbiter IV and Apollo images and Lunar Topographic Orthophotomosaics.
Note: There are many more lunar volcanoes than on this list - these are just the ones whose dimensions could be measured on high resolution images or maps. There is no list of all lunar volcanoes - even though it would include only 150-200 items.
- tychocrater Sep 8, 2007

Name
Latitude
Longitude
Crater Diameter
Crater Depth
Volcano Height
Volcano Diameter
Circularity
Class
IAU Name
GLR Name
Aristarchus-1
33.9N
54.3W
1865
195
145
3175
.29
LC
-
-
Aristarchus-2
33.9N
54.4W
1505
135
115
2555
.41
LC
-
-
Lassell HJ
15.0S
10.8W
1500
240
175
2550
.80
LC
-
-
Serenitatis-1
18.6N
27.6E
925
60
72
2325
.53
LC

Osiris

-
Serenitatis-2
18.9N
27.5E
635
30
60
1735
.55
LC

Isis

-
Alphonsus R
14.4S
1.9W
2700
380
60
7700
.35
LH

Alphonsus R

-
Alphonsus KC
12.9S
358.4E
2550
376
50
6000
.58
LH

Soraya

-
Alphonsus CA
13.6S
4.1W
2350
325
30
6350
.70
LH
-
-
Alphonsus MD
12.5S
358.1E
2250
336
50
4000
.64
LH

Ravi

-
South of Alphonsus CA
13.7S
4.2W
2220
325
40
7420
.42
LH
-
-
Alphonsus +
12.6S
358.3E
1725
212
15
3525
.47
LH

Monira

-
West of Alphonsus CA
13.5S
4.2W
1720
200
30
4720
.47
LH
-
-
On rima Alphonsus II
13.8S
3.4W
1350
165
10
2350
.59
LH
-
-
D-Crater (Ina)
18.7N
5.3E
2650
50
200
15000
.54
LD

Ina

-
Maraldi D 2NW
14.3N
35.7E
1700
185
90
8500
.49
LD

Diana

Maraldi 14; also Vitruvius 1 (?)
Cauchy Omega
7.2N
38.3E
1775
231
116
12301
.51
LD

Donna

Cauchy 1
Maraldi B 1SE
14.2N
35.9E
1600
70
130
8400
.45
LD

Grace

Maraldi 17
Rima Aristarchus 8
30.5N
49.2W
1275
25
65
5745
.30
LD
-
-


Crater Diameter is the diameter of the summit crater. Crater Depth is the depth of the crater. Height is the height of the entire volcano above its surroundings. Volcano Diameter is the diameter of the base of the volcano (all measurements in meters). Circularity is a measure of the crater's circularity - area of an inscribed circle divided by the area of circumscribed circle; 1 - perfect circle. Class: LC - cratered raised cone; LH - dark-halo crater; LD - cratered dome

(Note that the typical "circularity" value of 0.5 means that Pike and Clow saw most of these volcanoes as having quite elliptical shapes -- with about a 2::1 aspect ratio -- presumably in overhead views. - Jim Mosher)

The following corrections to the original form have been made (- Jim Mosher):

  1. Add IAU Name where a feature at the same position is currently named in the IAU nomenclature. In general, the IAU names refer to the summit crater only.
  2. Add GLR Name from 2005 GLR Dome Catalog, where a named feature appears at the same position.
  3. Supply coordinates for closely-spaced Aristarchus-1/2 raised crater pair. Original was: ~34N / ~55W for both.
  4. Supply IAU coordinates for Alphonsus R (none were given).
  5. Make likely identification of "Alphonsus CA" and "South of" and "West of" as dark-haloed craters near west rim of Alphonsus (no coordinates were given).
  6. Make likely identification of the volcano listed as "On rima Alphonsus II". Although this one is not on the "Rima Alphonsus II" of the System of Lunar Craters it is the most striking of the dark-haloed craters on the floor of Alphonsus not otherwise listed here. But if “on Rima Alphonsus II” is a misprint for “Rima Alphonsus I”, then Pike and Clow might instead mean the also unnamed, but less striking, dark haloed crater on a branch of the latter at about 13.5S/1.5W (roughly midway, in latitude, between Soraya and Alphonsus R).
  7. Correct latitude of "Cauchy Omega" from 6.2N to 7.2N
  8. Correct longitude of "Rima Aristarchus 8" from 49.2E to 49.2W


Farouk El-Baz's Lunar Ellipse of Fire

It appeared in the june 1973 issue of Sky and Telescope; an article by Farouk El-Baz about his Lunar Ellipse of Fire, which was some sort of equatorial ellipse on the moon's Near Side, containing regions of dark mantle ejecta, large blobs, halos around low rimmed craters, and small patches around domed hills. There were twelve special locations in this ellipse:
1: Littrow.
2: Sulpicius Gallus.
3: Sinus Fidei.
4: Rimae Bode.
5: Copernicus C and D.
6: Fra Mauro.
7: Alphonsus's floor.
8: Theophilus's rim.
9: Langrenus C (Acosta).
10. Peirce + Picard.
11. Western part of Mare Crisium's rim.
12. Macrobius A (Carmichael).

Gaseous protuberances at the moon's polar limb areas?

Many of the ancient lunar observers noticed something which looked like some sort of gaseous protuberances at the moon's polar limb areas. What could have been these odd appearances? Traces of some sort of weak internal activity? Some sort of equivalent of the geyser-like gaseous plumes detected by interplanetary probes at several moons of the giant planets Jupiter and Saturn? Is the same sort of phenomenon also noticeable at our own moon? Could we say that the moons in our solar system are more-or-less like giant comet nuclei? (appearances of gas and dust plumes).
- DannyCaes Nov 5, 2016

Bibliography

Originally published at Chuck Wood's Moon in 2004.
Leonardi, Piero: Volcanoes and Impact Craters on the Moon and Mars.